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Published on: August 18, 2023
In vitro characterization and pharmacokinetics in mice following pulmonary delivery of itraconazole as cyclodextrin
Wei Yang1, Keat Theng Chow, Bo Lang
1Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Abstract:
This study aims to make a 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPbetaCD) solubilized itraconazole (ITZ) solution (i.e., HPbetaCD-ITZ) suitable for pulmonary delivery by nebulization, and compare pharmacokinetics of inhaled nebulized aerosols of HPbetaCD-ITZ versus a colloidal dispersion of ITZ nanoparticulate formulation (i.e., URF-ITZ). Solid state characterizations of lyophilized HPbetaCD-ITZ by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated the formation of dynamic inclusion complexes between ITZ and HPbetaCD. Nebulized aerosols of both HPbetaCD-ITZ and colloidal dispersion of URF-ITZ were confirmed suitable for deep lung delivery. Single doses of the nebulized aerosols (equivalent to 5.3mg ITZ/mL in 5 mL) in mice produced similar ITZ lung depositions and pharmacokinetic profiles, with ITZ lung levels of approximately 4 microg/g wet lung weight upon completion of nebulization and remained above 0.5 microg/g at 24h. HPbetaCD-ITZ demonstrated faster systemic absorption of ITZ across lung epithelium than URF-ITZ, with t(max) values of 1.5 and 3.0 h, and AUC(0-infinity) of 2513 and 3717 ng h/mL, respectively. The fast absorption of solubilized ITZ across lung mucosal surface may be due in part to the elimination of the phase-to-phase transition.
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