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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy01:18

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...
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Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation

Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.
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Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.
Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...

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Conducting Multiple Imaging Modes with One Fluorescence Microscope
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Fiber optics for spectroscopic illumination.

F Robben, R Fraser

    Applied Optics
    |January 23, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study measured light transmission through a sheathed optical fiber. Results informed the selection of an optimal optical system for spectrometer illumination.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Spectroscopy Instrumentation

    Background:

    • Efficient illumination is critical for spectrometer performance.
    • Optical fibers are used for light delivery in various scientific instruments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the transmission properties of a sheathed optical fiber.
    • To determine the optimal optical system for spectrometer illumination using fiber transmission data.

    Main Methods:

    • Conducted absolute and angular transmission measurements on a 0.15 mm diameter, 2.1 m long sheathed fiber.
    • Defined and calculated the optical angular transfer function.
    • Computed effective transmission as a function of entrance and output f-numbers.

    Main Results:

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  • Quantified the light transmission characteristics of the sheathed fiber.
  • Established the relationship between fiber transmission and optical system f-numbers.
  • Identified suitable optical configurations for spectrometer illumination.
  • Conclusions:

    • The study provides essential data for selecting appropriate optical systems for fiber-coupled spectrometers.
    • Understanding fiber transmission properties optimizes light delivery and enhances spectroscopic measurements.