Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid
Published on: April 7, 2023
Mini-review: impact of recurrent hypoglycemia on cognitive and brain function
Ewan C McNay1, Victoria E Cotero
1Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience Research, University at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, USA. emcnay@albany.edu
None:
Recurrent hypoglycemia (RH), the most common side-effect of intensive insulin therapy for diabetes, is well established to diminish counter-regulatory responses to further hypoglycemia. However, despite significant patient concern, the impact of RH on cognitive and neural function remains controversial. Here we review the data from both human studies and recent animal studies regarding the impact of RH on cognitive, metabolic, and neural processes. Overall, RH appears to cause brain adaptations which may enhance cognitive performance and fuel supply when euglycemic but which pose significant threats during future hypoglycemic episodes.
Related Concept Videos
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon
Hypoglycemia
Hyperglycemia
Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology
Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...

