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Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Patients with Medically-refractory Essential Tremor
05:54

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Published on: December 13, 2017

The Bereitschaftspotential in essential tremor.

Ming-Kuei Lu1, Patrick Jung, Barbara Bliem

  • 1Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan.

Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
|January 26, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Essential tremor (ET) shows altered preparatory brain activity. The Bereitschaftspotential (BP) differs based on tremor type, suggesting distinct neural pathway involvement in ET subtypes.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Movement Disorders
  • Clinical Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Essential tremor (ET) is characterized by involuntary oscillations.
  • The precise alterations in motor cortical activity during movement preparation in ET remain unclear.
  • The cerebello-dentato-thalamo-cortical pathway is implicated in Bereitschaftspotential (BP) generation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate motor cortical activity preparation in Essential Tremor (ET).
  • To measure the Bereitschaftspotential (BP) in ET patients with different tremor types.
  • To compare preparatory brain activity between ET subtypes and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded the BP during self-paced wrist extension movements.
  • Stratified ET patients into groups with purely postural tremor (ET(PT)) and those with intention tremor (ET(IT)).
  • Compared BP recordings between ET(PT), ET(IT), and healthy control groups.

Main Results:

  • Increased late BP (500-0 ms pre-movement) in the mid-frontal area for ET(PT) compared to controls.
  • Reduced late BP in the mid-parietal area for ET(IT) compared to controls.
  • Widespread centro-parietal late BP reduction in ET(IT) relative to ET(PT).

Conclusions:

  • The presence or absence of cerebellar signs (intention tremor) influences preparatory motor cortical activity in ET.
  • BP increase in ET(PT) may reflect compensatory mechanisms.
  • BP reduction in ET(IT) suggests dysfunction within the cerebello-dentato-thalamo-cortical pathway.
  • Late BP amplitude reduction could serve as a biomarker for cerebello-dentato-thalamo-cortical pathway dysfunction in ET.