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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Tumor Progression

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Cholangiocarcinoma: update and future perspectives.

Manuela Gatto1, Maria Consiglia Bragazzi, Rossella Semeraro

  • 1Department of Clinical Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Rome Sapienza, Polo Pontino, R. Rosselini 51, Rome, Italy.

Digestive and Liver Disease : Official Journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver
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PubMed
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Cholangiocarcinoma, a biliary tree cancer, is more common than previously thought and has a poor prognosis. Research is urgently needed due to rising global incidence and mortality rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatobiliary Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer) is often underestimated, yet combined with gallbladder cancers, it constitutes a significant portion of hepatobiliary malignancies.
  • These cancers exhibit a poor prognosis, limited response to chemotherapy, and are often diagnosed late, hindering effective surgical treatment.
  • There is a global increase in cholangiocarcinoma incidence and mortality, necessitating greater scientific focus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the epidemiological, biological, and clinical aspects of cholangiocarcinoma.
  • To underscore the need for increased research attention on biliary tree cancers.
  • To discuss the current limitations in diagnosis and treatment, including the lack of effective biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on cholangiocarcinoma.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data regarding incidence and mortality trends.
  • Discussion of current biological understanding and clinical presentation.

Main Results:

  • Cholangiocarcinoma, when considered with related cancers, rivals hepatocellular carcinoma in incidence.
  • Late diagnosis remains a major barrier to curative surgical intervention.
  • Current biomarkers for screening and risk-group follow-up have not achieved clinical utility.

Conclusions:

  • Biliary tree cancers warrant increased scientific and clinical attention due to their rising prevalence and poor outcomes.
  • Development of effective screening biomarkers and therapeutic strategies is critical.
  • Further research into the epidemiology, biology, and clinical management of cholangiocarcinoma is essential.