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Related Concept Videos

Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
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Magnetic Adjustment of Afterload in Engineered Heart Tissues
09:40

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Published on: May 5, 2020

Increased interstitial loading reduces the effect of microstructural variations in cardiac tissue.

Marjorie Letitia Hubbard1, Craig S Henriquez

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA. mlh23@duke.edu

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
|January 26, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Increasing interstitial resistivity in poorly coupled heart cells makes electrical propagation more continuous. This finding is crucial for understanding cardiac electrical activity in diseased and aging hearts.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Computational Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Cardiac electrical propagation is affected by structural changes in intracellular and interstitial spaces.
  • Interactions between these spaces and their microscale effects on propagation are understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how increasing interstitial resistivity influences action potential propagation in cardiac tissue models.
  • To explore the impact of cell coupling and cell length variations on this relationship.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized one-dimensional microstructural computer models of interconnected ventricular myocytes.
  • Incorporated effective interstitial resistivity (rho(oeff)) changes into a monodomain model using bidomain simulation corrections.
  • Systematically varied intracellular properties like cell coupling and cell length.

Main Results:

  • Increased rho(oeff) in poorly coupled fibers led to more continuous propagation by altering electrical load distribution.
  • This resulted in decreased gap junction delay, sustained conduction velocity, increased sodium current, and reduced maximum upstroke velocity.
  • In inhomogeneous fibers, increased rho(oeff) reduced source-load mismatch, delaying conduction block and repolarization dispersion.

Conclusions:

  • Interstitial resistivity significantly impacts cardiac electrical propagation, especially in poorly coupled and heterogeneous tissues.
  • Modulating interstitial resistivity may influence activation patterns in conditions with low intercellular coupling or abnormal excitability.
  • Findings offer insights into electrical propagation in diseased and aging hearts.