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Related Concept Videos

Hiatal Hernia01:25

Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or heavy...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome01:23

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

DefinitionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent combinations of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation.Pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndromeIts pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving disturbances in motility, sensory processing, microbial balance, barrier integrity, and gut–brain communication. These mechanisms interact to produce symptoms that vary across IBS subtypes.Altered Motility PatternsDisordered...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:28

Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) presents with diverse symptoms depending on the location and severity of the ulcer. Clinical manifestations of peptic ulcer include dull pain and a burning sensation in the mid-epigastric region.
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
Gastritis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Gastritis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of gastritis begins with the colonization of the stomach lining by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This bacterium spreads mainly via the oral-oral route through saliva or shared utensils, and can also be transmitted in overcrowded or unhygienic environments through contaminated water, despite its brief survival outside the body.ColonizationOnce ingested, H. pylori enters the stomach and begins colonization by navigating through the mucus layer lining the stomach wall. It...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
10:27

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

Published on: December 15, 2011

Hyper IgE syndrome with umbilical hernia.

N C Hiremath1, N T Madan Mohan, C Srinivas

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, K.G. Halli, Bangalore - 560 045, Karnataka, India.

Indian Journal of Dermatology
|January 27, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Hyper Immunoglobulin E Syndrome (HIES) is a rare genetic disorder. This report details two HIES patients with previously undocumented umbilical and inguinal hernias, expanding the known clinical features of this condition.

Keywords:
Hyper IgE syndromeinguinal herniaumbilical hernia

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
10:27

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

Published on: December 15, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Hyper Immunoglobulin E Syndrome (HIES) is a rare, multi-system genetic immunodeficiency.
  • It presents with distinct immunological and non-immunological features.
  • Known features include recurrent infections, eczema, elevated IgE, and skeletal abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report novel clinical manifestations in patients with Hyper Immunoglobulin E Syndrome.
  • To document the occurrence of umbilical and inguinal hernias in HIES patients.
  • To expand the understanding of the phenotypic spectrum of HIES.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a pediatric patient with classical HIES features.
  • Clinical examination and documentation of presenting symptoms.
  • Review of literature for previously reported HIES manifestations.

Main Results:

  • A girl with classical HIES presented with an umbilical hernia.
  • Her younger brother, also affected by HIES, had a right-sided inguinal hernia.
  • These specific hernia types have not been previously reported in HIES literature.

Conclusions:

  • Umbilical and inguinal hernias may represent previously unrecognized features of Hyper Immunoglobulin E Syndrome.
  • This finding broadens the spectrum of non-immunological manifestations in HIES.
  • Further research is needed to confirm the association and understand the underlying mechanisms.