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Related Concept Videos

The Cell Cycle Control System01:28

The Cell Cycle Control System

The cell cycle regulation directs how a cell proceeds from one phase to the next and begins mitosis. The cell cycle control system includes intracellular regulatory molecules and external triggers. They provide "stop" or "advance" signals and operate at specific cell cycle stages termed checkpoints to ensure that a particular process is completed before the cell advances to the next phase.
Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are the primary cell cycle regulators and function at the cell...
The Cell Cycle Control System02:11

The Cell Cycle Control System

The cell cycle is an organized set of events that leads the cell to divide into two daughter cells, each containing chromosomes identical to the parent cell. It is the cell cycle that leads to the formation of an entire organism from a single-cell zygote. Besides, cell division also functions in the renewal or repair of tissues in adult multicellular eukaryotes. For example, in the bone marrow, the stem cells divide to form new blood cells. Although essential for several functions, cell...
The Cell Cycle Control System02:11

The Cell Cycle Control System

The cell cycle is an organized set of events that leads the cell to divide into two daughter cells, each containing chromosomes identical to the parent cell. It is the cell cycle that leads to the formation of an entire organism from a single-cell zygote. Besides, cell division also functions in the renewal or repair of tissues in adult multicellular eukaryotes. For example, in the bone marrow, the stem cells divide to form new blood cells. Although essential for several functions, cell...
Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term proteomics...
Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division01:27

Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division

Several external and internal factors influence the initiation and inhibition of cell division. For instance, the death of nearby cells or the release of human growth hormone (hGH) promotes cell division. In contrast, lack of hGH or crowding of cells can inhibit cell division.
Several proteins function as internal regulators to ensure each cell cycle stage is completed faithfully before proceeding to the next. Regulator molecules may act directly or influence the activity or production of other...

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Studying Proteolysis of Cyclin B at the Single Cell Level in Whole Cell Populations
10:54

Studying Proteolysis of Cyclin B at the Single Cell Level in Whole Cell Populations

Published on: September 17, 2012

Proteomics modifies our understanding of cell cycle complexity.

Mark C Hall1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. mchall@purdue.edu

Science Signaling
|January 28, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Proteomic technologies are revolutionizing the study of cell division, revealing complex protein modifications and advancing our understanding of cell cycle regulation and cancer. This research provides a framework for future molecular investigations.

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Studying Proteolysis of Cyclin B at the Single Cell Level in Whole Cell Populations
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Combining Mitotic Cell Synchronization and High Resolution Confocal Microscopy to Study the Role of Multifunctional Cell Cycle Proteins During Mitosis
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Combining Mitotic Cell Synchronization and High Resolution Confocal Microscopy to Study the Role of Multifunctional Cell Cycle Proteins During Mitosis

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Cell division, specifically mitosis, was first described over a century ago.
  • Detailed molecular mechanisms of eukaryotic cell division and its link to diseases like cancer remain incompletely understood.
  • Genomic and proteomic technologies offer advanced tools for studying fundamental life processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To leverage proteomic technologies to deepen the understanding of cell division mechanics and regulation.
  • To map cell cycle-dependent protein modifications on a large scale.
  • To establish a framework for future research into the molecular regulation of cell division.

Main Methods:

  • Large-scale mapping of cell cycle-dependent protein modifications using proteomic studies.
  • Integration of genomic and proteomic data.

Main Results:

  • Proteomic studies have illuminated cell division by mapping numerous protein modifications.
  • These findings reveal a greater complexity of the cell cycle than previously appreciated.
  • A comprehensive framework for future research has been established.

Conclusions:

  • Proteomic approaches significantly enhance the understanding of eukaryotic cell division.
  • The complexity of cell cycle regulation is better understood through large-scale proteomic analysis.
  • This research serves as a foundation for future studies aiming to fully elucidate cell division mechanisms.