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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
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Working memory control deficit in kindergarten ADHD children.

Anna Re1, Valentina De Franchis, Cesare Cornoldi

  • 1University of Padova, Padova, Italy. annamaria.re@unipd.it

Child Neuropsychology : a Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence
|January 28, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms show working memory deficits by age 5. These deficits are linked to difficulties controlling interfering information during tasks.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder.
  • Working memory is crucial for cognitive functions like learning and attention.
  • Previous research suggests working memory impairments in older children with ADHD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate working memory deficits in young children (age 5) with ADHD symptoms.
  • To determine if these deficits are related to the control of interfering information.
  • To compare the performance of children with ADHD symptoms to age-matched controls.

Main Methods:

  • A visuospatial working memory task was administered to two groups of 23 kindergarten children.
  • One group comprised children identified with ADHD symptoms; the other served as a matched control group.
  • The task required selective information recall and assessed intrusion errors.

Main Results:

  • Children with ADHD symptoms performed significantly worse on the visuospatial working memory task.
  • Children with ADHD symptoms exhibited a higher rate of intrusion errors, recalling suppressed information.
  • This suggests a specific deficit in inhibiting irrelevant or previously relevant information.

Conclusions:

  • Working memory deficits are present in children as young as 5 with ADHD symptoms.
  • These deficits are particularly associated with impaired control over interfering information.
  • Early identification of these working memory issues may inform targeted interventions for ADHD.