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Related Concept Videos

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
Visual System01:26

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.

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Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management
12:54

Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management

Published on: May 5, 2015

Eye and visual function in traumatic brain injury.

Glenn C Cockerham1, Gregory L Goodrich, Eric D Weichel

  • 1Ophthalmology Section 112-B1, Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. glenn.cockerham@va.gov

Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development
|January 28, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Blast-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) can cause unknown visual impairments, even without obvious eye injury. Further research is needed to understand and treat these vision problems in service members.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology
  • Military Medicine

Background:

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) from combat blast is prevalent in veterans.
  • Civilian TBI commonly results from accidents and falls, with known visual effects.
  • Visual consequences of blast-related TBI are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence, locations, and types of ocular damage from blast-related TBI without open globe injury.
  • To characterize visual function impairments following blast exposure.
  • To identify research priorities for blast-related eye injuries.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic study of ocular damage in eyes without open globe injury post-blast.
  • Analysis of preliminary data on binocular function and visual fields.
  • Review of existing reports and identification of research gaps.

Main Results:

  • Blast-related TBI may impair binocular function and visual fields despite normal visual acuity.
  • Ocular tissue damage can occur from closed globe injury without rupture.
  • Significant knowledge gaps exist regarding blast-related eye injuries.

Conclusions:

  • Blast-related TBI presents unique visual challenges requiring further investigation.
  • Research is needed on closed globe injury, visual function, quality of life, and therapies.
  • Standardized assessment and management protocols are crucial for affected service members.