In vitro fracture resistance of copy-milled zirconia ceramic posts

Current copy-milling systems allow for the fabrication of 1-piece zirconia ceramic posts and cores, which can be used in combination with ceramic crowns to restore endodontically treated teeth in an esthetic manner. However, limited data are available on the fracture resistance of copy-milled zirconia ceramic posts.

The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the fracture resistance of prefabricated posts made from zirconia ceramic and fiber-reinforced composite resin with the fracture resistance of copy-milled zirconia ceramic posts.

Three groups of posts and cores were fabricated (n=10): prefabricated zirconia ceramic posts with composite resin cores (ZIR), fiber-reinforced composite resin posts with composite resin cores (FRC), and copy-milled zirconia ceramic posts and cores (CM). Following artificial aging by thermal cycling and masticatory simulation, compressive tests were performed in a universal testing machine with the posts mounted at an angle of 135 degrees to the long axis of the posts. The maximum forces needed to fracture the posts were recorded for statistical analysis (1-way ANOVA, Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference test; alpha=.05).

The mean maximum forces (SD) needed to fracture the posts and cores were 123.10 (19.38) N for FRC, 139.30 (42.70) N for CM, and 267.10 (59.11) N for ZIR. The prefabricated zirconia ceramic posts required significantly higher fracture loads as compared to FRC (P<.001) and CM (P<.001).

The fracture load of copy-milled zirconia ceramic posts is significantly lower than that of prefabricated zirconia ceramic posts of the same size.