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Related Concept Videos

Hypoglycemia01:26

Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia is a blood glucose level below 70 mg/dL. It commonly occurs in individuals using insulin or insulin-secreting drugs, but may also arise in non-diabetic conditions. People with type 1 diabetes are at the highest risk because they depend on exogenous insulin. People with type 2 diabetes are also at risk, especially when treated with insulin or medications such as sulfonylureas, which increase insulin release regardless of blood glucose levels. It develops when insulin levels exceed...
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
Hyperglycemia01:29

Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose levels exceed 180 mg/dL two...
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is based on...
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus01:22

Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency, resistance, or both. Prolonged hyperglycemia disrupts metabolic homeostasis and leads to acute and chronic complications.Acute ComplicationsAcute complications result from sudden metabolic imbalance.Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) mainly appears in type 1 diabetes but may also develop in type 2 diabetes, particularly under extreme stress. It arises from severe insulin deficiency,...
Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State01:21

Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State

Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State, or HHS, is a serious and life-threatening complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is characterized by three main features: severe hyperglycemia, profound dehydration, and elevated serum osmolality, all occurring without significant ketoacidosis.HHS typically develops in older adults or individuals with limited access to fluids. This may result from illness, cognitive impairment, or medications such as diuretics or corticosteroids. These factors reduce...

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Hyperglycemic Clamp and Hypoglycemic Clamp in Conscious Mice
07:35

Hyperglycemic Clamp and Hypoglycemic Clamp in Conscious Mice

Published on: January 26, 2024

Is hypoglycaemia dangerous?

Thomas Duning1, Björn Ellger

  • 1Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Strafle 33, D-48149 Münster, Germany. duningt@uni-muenster.de

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Anaesthesiology
|January 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tight glycaemic control in intensive care units (ICUs) increases hypoglycemia risk. This review examines hypoglycemia

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Hyperglycemic Clamp and Hypoglycemic Clamp in Conscious Mice
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Hyperglycemic Clamp and Hypoglycemic Clamp in Conscious Mice

Published on: January 26, 2024

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

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Published on: June 11, 2012

A Mouse Model of Hemorrhagic Transformation Induced by Acute Hyperglycemia Combined with Transient Focal Ischemia
09:35

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Published on: November 15, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Critical care medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Tight glycaemic control (TGC) in intensive care units (ICUs) is debated due to increased hypoglycemia risk.
  • Hypoglycemia may indicate critical illness severity or be a harmful event itself.
  • The balance between TGC benefits and hypoglycemia risks is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical manifestations of hypoglycemia in critically ill patients.
  • To highlight short- and long-term consequences of hypoglycemia, focusing on neurocognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on hypoglycemia in critically ill patients.
  • Analysis of clinical manifestations and outcomes, particularly neurocognitive effects.

Main Results:

  • Hypoglycemia occurs frequently in critically ill patients, regardless of TGC.
  • Hypoglycemia is associated with potential short- and long-term neurocognitive impairments.
  • The clinical significance of hypoglycemia as a marker versus a cause of harm requires further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Hypoglycemia in critically ill patients warrants careful consideration due to potential neurocognitive consequences.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the independent role and management of hypoglycemia in critical care.