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Updated: Jun 16, 2026
10:39
Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning
Published on: August 29, 2025
Functional Rating Index: literature review.
Ronald J Feise1, J Michael Menke
1Institute of Evidence-Based Chiropractic, Fort Collins, CO 80528, USA. rjf@chiroevidence.com
Summary
The Functional Rating Index (FRI) is a reliable and valid self-report measure for neck and back pain. It demonstrates good psychometric properties and is quick for patients to complete.
Area of Science:
- Health Sciences
- Rehabilitation Medicine
- Clinical Measurement
Background:
- The Functional Rating Index (FRI) was developed in 1999 as a self-report outcome measure.
- Previous studies indicated the FRI possesses reasonable reliability, validity, and responsiveness.
- Numerous independent research teams have since investigated the FRI's psychometric qualities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize published studies on the psychometric properties of the FRI.
- To evaluate the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the FRI based on existing literature.
- To compare the FRI's performance against other established outcome measures.
Main Methods:
- A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE and Index to Chiropractic Literature (January 2001 - August 2009).
- Ten studies providing psychometric data for the FRI were identified and included.
- Data extraction used standardized forms, and psychometric properties were analyzed against established criteria.
Main Results:
- The FRI demonstrated good test-retest reliability, with high intraclass correlation coefficients and Cronbach's alpha.
- Convergent validity was good with pain and function scales, while correlations with different constructs were weaker.
- Responsiveness was comparable to other measures, and patient acceptability was high due to a short administration time (average 78 seconds).
Conclusions:
- The Functional Rating Index (FRI) exhibits favorable measurement properties, including reliability, validity, and responsiveness.
- The FRI serves as a valuable alternative to other self-report measures for patients with neck and back pain.
- Its efficiency in administration time enhances patient and staff acceptability.
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