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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and the...
Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature01:27

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature

Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature from...
Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's forehead...

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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope
06:48

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

Published on: December 30, 2025

Atmospheric temperature measurement using Raman backscatter.

R G Strauch, V E Derr, R E Cupp

    Applied Optics
    |January 30, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study presents a ground-based method for measuring atmospheric temperature profiles using nitrogen (N(2)) Raman backscatter. The technique allows for detailed experimental measurements of temperature fluctuations at various tower heights.

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    Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping
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    Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping

    Published on: November 7, 2016

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    Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping
    09:48

    Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping

    Published on: November 7, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Atmospheric Science
    • Remote Sensing
    • Spectroscopy

    Background:

    • Accurate atmospheric temperature profiles are crucial for weather forecasting and climate modeling.
    • Traditional methods for measuring temperature profiles can be limited in spatial or temporal resolution.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and validate a novel ground-based remote sensing method for atmospheric temperature profiling.
    • To demonstrate the capability of measuring temperature fluctuations using Raman backscatter.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing Raman backscatter signals from atmospheric nitrogen (N(2)) molecules.
    • Developing a ground-based system for analyzing the spectral characteristics of backscattered light.
    • Conducting experimental measurements at different tower heights.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully measured vertical atmospheric temperature profiles.
    • Quantified temperature fluctuations at specific tower heights.
    • Demonstrated the feasibility of the Raman backscatter technique for atmospheric temperature sensing.

    Conclusions:

    • The ground-based Raman backscatter method offers a viable approach for measuring atmospheric temperature profiles.
    • This technique provides valuable data for studying atmospheric dynamics and turbulence.