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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
Other Unique Bacteria01:18

Other Unique Bacteria

Magnetic bacteria exhibit a directed movement called magnetotaxis, driven by structures called magnetosomes. These magnetosomes consist of chains of magnetic particles made of either magnetite (Fe₃O₄) or greigite (Fe₃S₄) and are organized in a linear conformation by a protein scaffold within invaginations of the cell membrane. The bacteria align along the north–south magnetic field lines, much like a compass needle. They are typically microaerophilic or anaerobic and are commonly found near the...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...

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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR
14:14

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR

Published on: December 6, 2014

Radiosensitive severe combined immunodeficiency disease.

Christopher C Dvorak1, Morton J Cowan

  • 1Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, M-659, San Francisco, CA 94143-1278, USA.

Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America
|February 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to DNA repair defects causes radiation sensitivity. Careful donor selection and conditioning regimens are crucial for hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in these patients.

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Isolating Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and CD4+ T cells from Sézary Syndrome Patients for Transcriptomic Profiling
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Isolating Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and CD4+ T cells from Sézary Syndrome Patients for Transcriptomic Profiling

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Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR
14:14

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR

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Isolating Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and CD4+ T cells from Sézary Syndrome Patients for Transcriptomic Profiling
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Isolating Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and CD4+ T cells from Sézary Syndrome Patients for Transcriptomic Profiling

Published on: October 14, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Immunology
  • DNA Repair Mechanisms
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Background:

  • Inherited defects in nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) DNA repair cause T-B-NK+ severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID).
  • Patients with radiosensitive SCID exhibit heightened sensitivity to ionizing radiation and alkylator chemotherapy.
  • This sensitivity complicates conditioning regimens for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the implications of radiosensitive SCID for HCT.
  • To emphasize the need for careful donor selection and conditioning regimen strategies.
  • To underscore the necessity for further research into novel, less toxic HCT approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Review of known genetic causes of radiosensitive SCID (Artemis, DNA ligase IV, DNA-PKcs, Cernunnos-XLF).
  • Analysis of treatment strategies involving HCT for SCID patients.
  • Discussion of chemotherapy sensitivity in the context of HCT conditioning.

Main Results:

  • Deficiencies in key NHEJ components lead to radiosensitive SCID.
  • Patients with radiosensitive SCID require tailored HCT protocols due to chemotherapy sensitivity.
  • Current HCT approaches necessitate careful consideration of donor and conditioning regimen selection.

Conclusions:

  • Radiosensitive SCID presents unique challenges for HCT, demanding specialized protocols.
  • Further research is essential to optimize HCT outcomes and develop safer, non-toxic conditioning methods.
  • Novel therapeutic strategies are needed to improve HCT for radiosensitive and chemosensitive patients.