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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Food and Drug–Viral Interactions01:26

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Food and Drug–Viral Interactions

A drug interaction occurs when the concurrent use of another drug, food, or an external substance alters the pharmacological activity of a drug. This interaction can modify the action of the original drug, affecting its effectiveness and safety.Drug–food interactions are significant as they impact drug absorption, metabolism, and excretion. For example, grapefruit juice is a well-known disruptor of drug metabolism. It inhibits the cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme, crucial for the metabolism of many...
Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions01:25

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions

Drug interactions occur when the pharmacological effect of one drug is altered by another substance, either enhancing or diminishing its activity. The drug whose activity is altered is known as the object drug, and the substance causing the alteration is called the agent drug or the precipitant. The net effects of these interactions are mostly undesirable, leading to decreased effectiveness or increased adverse effects. In rare cases, interactions can be beneficial, such as the enhanced...
Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction01:30

Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction

Drug–drug interactions can precipitate toxicity through multiple mechanisms. Absorption interactions alter how drugs enter the body, exemplified when ranitidine increases the absorption of basic drugs, while cholestyramine decreases the levels of propranolol. Protein binding interactions occur when drugs share the same binding sites on plasma proteins. Drugs like aspirin and warfarin, when bound in excess, can lead to increased free drug concentrations, enhancing the potential for...
Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors01:22

Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors

Antiviral Nucleoside InhibitorsAntiviral nucleoside inhibitors are structural analogs of natural nucleosides that interfere with viral DNA or RNA synthesis. These compounds selectively target viral polymerases due to their resemblance to host nucleosides, thereby disrupting viral genome replication.Mechanism of Acyclovir ActionAcyclovir is a guanosine analog with a three-carbon acyclic side chain. It selectively targets herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2),...
Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug Interactions01:23

Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug Interactions

Drug interactions are a critical aspect of pharmacology and can occur when two or more drugs compete for the same binding site. This competition can result in one drug displacing another, altering the effect of the displaced drug. Drug interactions are complex processes that rely heavily on how much of the displacer drug is present and how strongly it can bind to the same sites as the displaced drug.
Displacement interactions can have varying outcomes, ranging from toxicity to virtually...
Inhibitors Of Virion Release01:25

Inhibitors Of Virion Release

Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
10:29

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Published on: May 9, 2025

[Etravirine drug interactions].

Vicente Estrada Pérez1, Clara Sánchez-Parra, Sergio Serrano Villar

  • 1Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España. vestrada.hcsc@salud.madrid.org

Enfermedades Infecciosas Y Microbiologia Clinica
|February 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Etravirine (ETR) is an NNRTI effective against resistant HIV. It has a dual effect on CYP450 enzymes, leading to few significant drug interactions, primarily with certain protease inhibitors and other NNRTIs.

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Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
05:46

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

Published on: April 9, 2014

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
10:29

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Published on: May 9, 2025

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
05:46

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

Published on: April 9, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Virology
  • Drug Metabolism

Background:

  • Etravirine (ETR) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) used in HIV treatment, particularly for patients with resistance to earlier NNRTIs.
  • Understanding ETR's drug interaction profile is crucial for optimizing antiretroviral therapy and managing patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the drug interaction profile of Etravirine (ETR) based on its effects on the CYP450 enzyme system.
  • To identify specific antiretroviral agents that exhibit clinically significant interactions with ETR.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Etravirine's (ETR) known effects as an inducer and inhibitor of key CYP450 enzymes (CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP2C19).
  • Review of clinical data and literature regarding drug interactions between ETR and other antiretroviral medications, including protease inhibitors and other NNRTIs.

Main Results:

  • ETR exhibits dual activity on the CYP450 system: inducing CYP3A4 and inhibiting CYP2C9 and CYP2C19.
  • Clinically significant interactions were noted with unboosted protease inhibitors, efavirenz, nevirapine, full-dose ritonavir, and tipranavir/ritonavir.
  • No clinically significant interactions were observed with darunavir/ritonavir, and only minor plasma level variations with fosamprenavir/ritonavir.

Conclusions:

  • Etravirine's (ETR) dual CYP450 activity results in a manageable drug interaction profile.
  • Careful consideration of concomitant medications, especially specific protease inhibitors and NNRTIs, is necessary when prescribing ETR.
  • ETR demonstrates a favorable interaction profile with certain protease inhibitors like darunavir/ritonavir.