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Published on: October 25, 2024
Spontaneous bladder perforation: a rare complication of tuberculosis
Christopher Ho Chee Kong1, Siti Aishah Md Ali, Praveen Singam
1Urology Unit, Department of Surgery, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Summary
Spontaneous bladder perforation due to tuberculosis (TB) is extremely rare, often leading to missed diagnoses. Early empirical anti-TB treatment is crucial for recovery in these unique cases.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pathology
Background:
- Spontaneous bladder perforation is a rare condition.
- Tuberculosis (TB) as a cause of bladder perforation is exceptionally uncommon, with only three prior reports.
- Delayed diagnosis is frequent due to the rarity of spontaneous bladder perforation.
Observation:
- A young woman presented with symptoms mimicking appendicitis.
- Bladder perforation was discovered during laparotomy, not suspected pre-operatively.
- The patient also exhibited ureteral stricture and infundibular stenosis.
Findings:
- Histopathology and a positive Mantoux test suggested tuberculosis (TB).
- Empirical anti-TB treatment was initiated promptly.
- Urine culture confirmed TB diagnosis after six weeks.
- The patient recovered fully without complications.
Implications:
- This case highlights the importance of considering TB in spontaneous bladder perforation, even with atypical presentations.
- Early empirical treatment for TB can lead to favorable outcomes.
- Further research into the pathogenesis of TB-induced bladder perforation is warranted.
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