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Ultracompact photonic crystal polarization beam splitter based on multimode interference.

Ming-Feng Lu¹, Shan-Mei Liao, Yang-Tung Huang

¹Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Da Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan. mflu@must.edu.tw

|February 2, 2010

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We developed a compact photonic crystal polarization beam splitter using multimode interference. This device achieves efficient splitting of TE and TM modes in a small footprint.

Area of Science:

Photonics
Optical Engineering
Materials Science

Background:

Conventional multimode interference (MMI) devices for polarization beam splitting often lack compactness.
The self-imaging principle, while effective, leads to larger device footprints.
There is a need for miniaturized optical components in integrated photonics.

Purpose of the Study:

To theoretically design a compact photonic crystal (PC) polarization beam splitter (PBS).
To leverage the multimode interference (MMI) effect for miniaturization.
To exploit the differential interference behavior of TE and TM modes in PCs.

Main Methods:

Theoretical design of a PC-based MMI coupler.
Utilizing the distinct mode interference dependence on propagation distance for TE and TM waves.

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Simulating device performance, including insertion loss and extinction ratio.

Main Results:

A compact PC PBS design with an MMI section length of only seven lattice constants was achieved.
Simulations demonstrated low insertion losses: 0.32 dB for Port 1 (TE mode) and 0.89 dB for Port 2 (TM mode).
High extinction ratios were obtained: 14.4 dB for Port 1 and 17.5 dB for Port 2.

Conclusions:

The proposed theoretical design offers a compact and efficient solution for polarization beam splitting.
The PC-based MMI approach effectively overcomes the size limitations of conventional devices.
This design holds promise for advanced integrated photonic applications requiring miniaturized optical components.