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First- and second-order backscattering from clouds illuminated by finite beams.

R C Anderson, E V Browell

|February 2, 2010

Summary

Backscattering calculations reveal that cloud reflectivity changes with distance for both single and double scattering. This study suggests criteria for applying plane parallel atmosphere theories to finite beams, crucial for remote sensing.

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Area of Science:

Atmospheric optics
Radiative transfer theory

Background:

Understanding light interaction with clouds is vital for climate modeling and remote sensing.
Existing models often assume plane parallel atmospheres, which may not hold for finite beams.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate first- and second-order backscattering from water clouds using a finite divergence beam.
To determine the influence of transceiver-cloud distance and field of view on backscattering intensity and reflectivity.
To propose criteria for the applicability of plane parallel atmosphere theories in finite beam scenarios.

Main Methods:

Numerical calculations of first- and second-order backscattering.
Modeling water clouds with varying types for single scattering.
Using an approximation of fair weather cumulus clouds for double scattering.
Simulating a continuous 0.9-micro beam with finite divergence.

Main Results:

Backscattering intensity and reflectivity were found to vary with transceiver-cloud distance for both single and double scattering orders.
Second-order backscattering was also sensitive to the field of view.
The study identified parameters influencing the validity of simplified atmospheric models.

Conclusions:

The distance between transceiver and cloud significantly impacts backscattering, affecting reflectivity.
Finite beam divergence necessitates careful consideration of scattering orders and viewing geometry.
A criterion is proposed to guide the use of plane parallel atmosphere approximations for finite beams in cloud remote sensing.