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Related Concept Videos

Synthetic Biology02:55

Synthetic Biology

Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
Golden rice
Golden rice is a genetically modified...
Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
From DNA to Protein03:06

From DNA to Protein

The flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA to protein is described by the central dogma, which states that genes specify the sequence of mRNAs, which in turn specify the sequence of amino acids making up all proteins. The decoding of one molecule to another is performed by specific proteins and RNAs. Because the information stored in DNA is so central to cellular function, it makes intuitive sense that the cell would make mRNA copies of this information for protein synthesis...
Proteins: From Genes to Degradation02:11

Proteins: From Genes to Degradation

Within a biological system, the DNA encodes the RNA, and the nucleotide sequence in the RNA further defines the amino acid sequence in the protein. This is referred to as “The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology” - a term coined by Francis Crick.  Central dogma is a firm principle in biology that defines the flow of genetic information within any life form. The two fundamental steps in central dogma are - transcription and translation.
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA molecules by RNA...
Proteins: From Genes to Degradation02:11

Proteins: From Genes to Degradation

Within a biological system, the DNA encodes the RNA, and the nucleotide sequence in the RNA further defines the amino acid sequence in the protein. This is referred to as “The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology” - a term coined by Francis Crick.  Central dogma is a firm principle in biology that defines the flow of genetic information within any life form. The two fundamental steps in central dogma are - transcription and translation.
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA molecules by RNA...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Mass Spectrometry-Guided Genome Mining as a Tool to Uncover Novel Natural Products
11:13

Mass Spectrometry-Guided Genome Mining as a Tool to Uncover Novel Natural Products

Published on: March 12, 2020

Natural products version 2.0: connecting genes to molecules.

Christopher T Walsh1, Michael A Fischbach

  • 1Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. christopher_walsh@hms.harvard.edu

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|February 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Connecting natural product molecules to their encoding genes is revitalizing research. This approach illuminates the biosynthesis of polyketides and non-ribosomal peptides, expanding our understanding of natural product diversity.

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Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics
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Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics

Published on: June 17, 2012

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Mass Spectrometry-Guided Genome Mining as a Tool to Uncover Novel Natural Products
11:13

Mass Spectrometry-Guided Genome Mining as a Tool to Uncover Novel Natural Products

Published on: March 12, 2020

Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics
08:09

Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics

Published on: June 17, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Biochemistry
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Natural products are historically significant in organic chemistry and remain crucial as drugs and research tools.
  • Understanding the genetic basis of natural product biosynthesis is key to unlocking their potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the renaissance in natural product research driven by linking molecules to genes.
  • To focus on the biosynthesis of polyketides and non-ribosomal peptides.
  • To survey the chemical pathways and reactions involved in natural product diversity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on natural product biosynthesis.
  • Analysis of monomer biogenesis, coupling chemistries, and tailoring reactions.
  • Examination of templated and non-temtemplated biosynthetic pathways.

Main Results:

  • Identification of key biosynthetic strategies for polyketides and non-ribosomal peptides.
  • Understanding of how diverse scaffolds and functionalization patterns arise from specific pathways.
  • Highlighting the role of hybrid pathways in generating novel natural products.

Conclusions:

  • The connection between genes and natural products is a powerful driver of modern research.
  • Future research directions include identifying all natural product scaffolds and defining the future of natural product scientists.