Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
Formation of Lipopolysaccharides01:19

Formation of Lipopolysaccharides

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are crucial components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, serving both structural and functional roles. It contributes to membrane stability and protects bacteria from host immune responses. LPS is composed of three major regions—lipid A, a core oligosaccharide, and an O antigen. The biosynthesis and assembly of LPS involve a highly coordinated set of enzymatic reactions and transport mechanisms. Additionally, LPS is recognized as an endotoxin, triggering...
Lipids as Anchors01:32

Lipids as Anchors

In the plasma membrane, the lipids forming the bilayer can also act as an anchor to tether proteins to the membrane. The three main types of lipid anchors found in eukaryotes are – prenyl groups, fatty acyl groups, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol or GPI groups. Prenyl and fatty acyl groups act as anchors on the cytosolic surface of the membrane, whereas GPI anchors proteins on the extracellular side.
The carboxy-terminal of most of the prenylated proteins, such as Ras proteins, contains the...
Biosynthesis of Lipids01:29

Biosynthesis of Lipids

Microbial membranes exhibit remarkable diversity in lipid composition, reflecting evolutionary adaptations to various environmental conditions. The three domains of life—Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya—synthesize membrane lipids through distinct biosynthetic pathways, leading to fundamental structural differences that impact membrane stability, function, and adaptability.Fatty Acid-Based Lipids in Bacteria and EukaryaBacteria and eukaryotes share a common fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, which...
Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the generated carbocation,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Lipids and lipid nanoparticles functionalized with randomized poly(ethylene glycol) (rPEG) for mRNA delivery.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

Validation of an Automated Fluorescence- and Image-Based Viable Cell Counting Method for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Drug Products.

Biotechnology journal·2026
Same author

How to Handle Hard-to-Purify Polymers: Ammonium Sulfate Precipitation of rPEG as a Prototype for Amorphous and Flexible Polymers.

ACS macro letters·2026
Same author

Shaping the Gradient: Ether-Type Polar Modifiers for the Statistical Anionic Copolymerization of Styrene and Isoprene.

ACS macro letters·2026
Same author

Novel polymer series for pharmaceutical applications: alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acid modified polymethacrylates.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

Solubility-Permeability-Matrix Interplay in Percutaneous Absorption Exemplified by Theophylline.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions
10:53

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions

Published on: October 10, 2016

Hyperbranched polyglycerol-based lipids via oxyanionic polymerization: toward multifunctional stealth liposomes.

Anna Maria Hofmann1, Frederik Wurm, Eva Hühn

  • 1Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, Germany.

Biomacromolecules
|February 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Researchers synthesized novel linear-hyperbranched lipids using poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and polyglycerol (PG) for advanced liposome preparation, creating stable, unilamellar vesicles.

More Related Videos

Single-Molecule Diffusion and Assembly on Polymer-Crowded Lipid Membranes
10:43

Single-Molecule Diffusion and Assembly on Polymer-Crowded Lipid Membranes

Published on: July 19, 2022

On-Chip Octanol-Assisted Liposome Assembly for Bioengineering
09:45

On-Chip Octanol-Assisted Liposome Assembly for Bioengineering

Published on: March 17, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions
10:53

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions

Published on: October 10, 2016

Single-Molecule Diffusion and Assembly on Polymer-Crowded Lipid Membranes
10:43

Single-Molecule Diffusion and Assembly on Polymer-Crowded Lipid Membranes

Published on: July 19, 2022

On-Chip Octanol-Assisted Liposome Assembly for Bioengineering
09:45

On-Chip Octanol-Assisted Liposome Assembly for Bioengineering

Published on: March 17, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based stealth lipids are crucial for liposome stability.
  • Developing novel branched polymer architectures offers new possibilities for lipid-based drug delivery systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel linear-hyperbranched lipids for liposome formulation.
  • To investigate the self-assembly properties of these lipids into stable liposomes.

Main Methods:

  • Anionic polymerization of ethylene oxide initiated by cholesterol or glyceryl ethers.
  • Synthesis of linear-hyperbranched polyether lipids with controlled molecular weights (around 3000 g/mol) and low polydispersities (<1.3).
  • Liposome preparation using the synthesized lipids and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), followed by characterization using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of linear-hyperbranched lipids with complete incorporation of hydrophobic initiators, confirmed by MALDI-ToF.
  • Formation of stable, unilamellar liposomes in the size range of 40-50 nm.
  • Characterization confirmed the structural integrity and size of the liposomes.

Conclusions:

  • Linear-hyperbranched lipids based on PEG and PG are effective components for creating stable, unilamellar liposomes.
  • These novel lipids offer a promising alternative to traditional PEG-based stealth lipids for liposome applications.