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Object trimming: When masking dots alter rather than replace target representations.

Todd A Kahan1, James T Enns

  • 1Department of Psychology, Bates College, 4 Andrews Road, Lewiston, ME 04240, USA. tkahan@bates.edu

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When dots flank a target object, they can perceptually alter it, an effect known as object trimming. This phenomenon is influenced by early perceptual grouping mechanisms before conscious awareness.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Visual perception research explores how the brain processes visual information.
  • Object trimming describes perceptual alterations caused by flanking elements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the object trimming effect.
  • To determine the influence of perceptual grouping on object trimming.
  • To differentiate contributions of visual crowding and backward masking.

Main Methods:

  • Five experiments were conducted.
  • Conscious reports of trimmed digits were assessed.
  • Repetition priming explored target representations.
  • Apparent motion perception in trimmed targets was examined.

Main Results:

  • Object trimming was demonstrated across all experiments.
  • Perceptual grouping mechanisms influence object trimming before conscious access.
  • Separate contributions of visual crowding and backward masking were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Object trimming is mediated by early perceptual grouping.
  • Common-onset masking can involve separate target and mask representations, not just substitution.