Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Oxygen Transport in the Blood01:27

Oxygen Transport in the Blood

Hemoglobin (Hb) is a crucial molecule in the human body, consisting of four polypeptide chains, each bound to an iron-containing heme group. This unique structure enables hemoglobin to bind to oxygen, with each molecule capable of combining with four molecules of oxygen, leading to rapid and reversible oxygen loading. When fully loaded with oxygen, it is called oxyhemoglobin, while hemoglobin that has released oxygen is called reduced hemoglobin or deoxyhemoglobin. As hemoglobin binds oxygen,...
Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask01:26

Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask

The human body requires oxygen to function, and when the natural process of respiration is hindered, external devices, including the following, are needed to help deliver this vital gas.
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns01:29

Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns

Microorganisms exhibit diverse oxygen requirements and growth patterns driven by their metabolic strategies and environmental adaptations. Oxygen, while essential for many organisms, can also be toxic under certain conditions, shaping how microorganisms grow and survive.Oxygen Requirements of MicroorganismsMicroorganisms are classified based on their ability to use or tolerate oxygen:● Obligate aerobes like Mycobacterium tuberculosis need oxygen for energy production, as it serves as the...
Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen

Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...
Respiration and Gaseous Exchange01:20

Respiration and Gaseous Exchange

The intricate interplay between the cardiovascular and respiratory systems is crucial for efficiently transporting respiratory gases throughout the body. Let us explore the cardiovascular system's multifaceted functions, emphasizing its pivotal role in gas exchange.
Respiration involves the exchange of gases, especially oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2), between the alveoli and body cells, a process facilitated by blood circulation. As a result, the cardiovascular system, which involves the...
Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation01:19

Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation

Assessing respiratory rate concurrently with pulse measurement is fundamental to patient care, providing valuable insights into the patient's respiratory function. The normal breathing rate for an adult usually falls within a normal range of 12 to 20 breaths per minute. Abnormal respiratory rates can signal underlying health conditions or the need for immediate intervention.
Ensuring accuracy in vital sign recordings while prioritizing patient comfort and minimizing anxiety is important. 

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Behavioral and Psychosocial Correlates of Gender Differences in Adolescent Mental Health: A Regional Cross-Sectional Study in Northern Italy.

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Parental Resilience and Adolescent Mental Well-Being: A Population-Based Study.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Technology-Based Parenting and Digital Media Use: Adolescents' Health in a Large, Cross-Sectional Study in Northern Italy.

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Factors associated with avoidable non-urgent emergency department visits in South Tyrol (Italy): a multicentre cross-sectional study.

BMC emergency medicine·2026
Same author

Parental Health Literacy as a Contextual Factor in Proxy-Reported Child Mental Health: A Population-Based Study of Children Aged 6-10 Years.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Gender specific mental health among adolescents in Northern Italy: a cross-sectional study.

Frontiers in public health·2026
Same journal

Diagnostic value of lactate/albumin and lactate dehydrogenase/albumin ratios in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Journal of perinatal medicine·2026
Same journal

Fetal frontal lobe development in gestational diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional neurosonographic study.

Journal of perinatal medicine·2026
Same journal

Readability of patient educational materials on ultrasound: a cross-sectional study.

Journal of perinatal medicine·2026
Same journal

Correlations between fetal left ventricular Tei index and different hemodynamic parameters during middle and late pregnancy at high altitudes.

Journal of perinatal medicine·2026
Same journal

The role of Coroners in perinatal death investigation in high-income countries: a scoping review.

Journal of perinatal medicine·2026
Same journal

The cytokine Prokineticin-1 in preterm labor with and without intra-amniotic inflammation.

Journal of perinatal medicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Delivery of In Vivo Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Neonatal Rodents to Prime Subventricular Zone-derived Neural Progenitor Cell Cultures
05:45

Delivery of In Vivo Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Neonatal Rodents to Prime Subventricular Zone-derived Neural Progenitor Cell Cultures

Published on: November 2, 2015

Oxygen utilization in newborns at delivery.

Andreas Gschliesser1, Matthias Scheier, Hans Peter Colvin

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. andreas.gschliesser@i-med.ac.at

Journal of Perinatal Medicine
|February 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The arteriovenous (AV) pH difference in cord blood indicates fetal oxygen utilization. Spontaneous deliveries show higher AV pH difference, reflecting increased fetal stress during birth.

More Related Videos

A Swine Model of Neonatal Asphyxia
10:36

A Swine Model of Neonatal Asphyxia

Published on: October 11, 2011

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation
09:03

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation

Published on: August 15, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Delivery of In Vivo Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Neonatal Rodents to Prime Subventricular Zone-derived Neural Progenitor Cell Cultures
05:45

Delivery of In Vivo Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Neonatal Rodents to Prime Subventricular Zone-derived Neural Progenitor Cell Cultures

Published on: November 2, 2015

A Swine Model of Neonatal Asphyxia
10:36

A Swine Model of Neonatal Asphyxia

Published on: October 11, 2011

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation
09:03

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation

Published on: August 15, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Neonatal Physiology
  • Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Fetal oxygen utilization is a critical indicator of well-being during labor and delivery.
  • Assessing fetal oxygenation objectively can aid in managing potential birth complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the arteriovenous (AV) pH difference in cord blood as a marker for fetal oxygen utilization.
  • To identify maternal, fetal, and obstetrical factors associated with elevated fetal oxygen utilization.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 491 singleton live births.
  • Collection and analysis of arterial and venous cord blood samples using a Radiometer ABL 510.

Main Results:

  • Spontaneous deliveries exhibited a significantly higher AV pH difference (0.10) compared to cesarean sections (0.05).
  • Elevated AV pH difference in spontaneous births correlated with low arterial cord blood pH, nuchal cord, high parity, short labor, and larger infant size/weight.

Conclusions:

  • Spontaneous delivery increases fetal oxygen utilization, detectable via elevated AV pH difference.
  • AV pH difference, alongside absolute pH values, provides an objective measure of fetal oxygen utilization and stress at birth.