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Related Concept Videos

Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors01:31

Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors

Nuclear receptors, or NRs, are unique transcription factors that regulate gene transcription and affect the cellular pathways involved in reproduction, development, or metabolism. Their ability to be stimulated by small lipophilic ligands and control vital cellular processes makes them ideal drug targets. Nearly 10-15% of currently prescribed drugs target these receptors.
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

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Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
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Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry short stretches of amino acid sequences called the nuclear localization signal or NLS. Classical nuclear localization signals are of two types: monopartite and bipartite NLS. Monopartite classical NLS (cNLS) consists of a single cluster of 4-8 amino acids. Bipartite cNLS consists of two clusters of  2-3 amino acids and a 9-12 residue long proline-rich linker bridging the two clusters. Signal clusters are rich in positively charged amino acids such as...
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Lipid-soluble hormones diffuse across the plasma and nuclear membrane of target cells to bind to their specific intracellular receptors. These receptors act as transcription factors that regulate gene expression and protein synthesis in the target cell

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Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists
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Published on: November 15, 2013

An orphan nuclear receptor finds a home.

Alan R Kimmel1

  • 1Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-8028, USA. ark1@helix.nih.gov

Molecular Cell
|February 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha (RORalpha) suppresses Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. This Wnt5a- and PKC-dependent suppression occurs without affecting beta-catenin stabilization or promoter recruitment.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular biology
  • Cell signaling
  • Gene regulation

Background:

  • The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway is crucial for cellular processes, including development and cancer.
  • RORalpha is a nuclear receptor implicated in various physiological functions.
  • Cross-talk between nuclear receptors and Wnt signaling is increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of RORalpha in regulating Wnt/beta-catenin signaling.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which RORalpha influences this pathway.

Main Methods:

  • Cell-based assays to measure Wnt/beta-catenin activity.
  • Western blotting to assess protein levels and stabilization.
  • Reporter assays to evaluate promoter recruitment.

Main Results:

  • RORalpha was found to suppress Wnt/beta-catenin signaling.
  • This suppression was dependent on Wnt5a and protein kinase C (PKC).
  • RORalpha's action did not involve altering beta-catenin stabilization or its recruitment to target gene promoters.

Conclusions:

  • RORalpha acts as a negative regulator of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling.
  • The mechanism involves Wnt5a and PKC, independently of canonical beta-catenin stabilization.
  • This finding reveals a novel regulatory interaction impacting Wnt pathway activity.