Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 16, 2026
18:48
Murine Renal Transplantation Procedure
Published on: July 10, 2009
Pediatric renal transplantation: an overview and update
Ashima Gulati1, Minnie M Sarwal
1All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|February 4, 2010
Summary
Pediatric kidney transplantation offers improved short-term outcomes but faces challenges in long-term graft and patient survival. Further strategies are needed to enhance long-term success in pediatric renal replacement therapy.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Transplantation Immunology
- Pediatric Urology
Background:
- Kidney transplantation is the primary treatment for end-stage renal disease in children.
- While potent immunosuppression has improved short-term outcomes, long-term results remain suboptimal.
- Pediatric kidney transplantation rates have increased significantly over the last decade.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current practices in pediatric kidney transplantation.
- To discuss strategies for improving long-term graft and patient survival.
- To address critical issues specific to the care of transplanted children.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of pediatric renal transplantation.
- Analysis of data registries and pediatric cohort follow-up.
- Discussion of newer immunosuppression approaches and their toxicities.
Main Results:
- Short-term outcomes of pediatric kidney transplantation have improved due to advanced immunosuppression.
- Long-term graft and patient survival rates are still inadequate.
- Significant challenges persist in optimizing long-term care for pediatric transplant recipients.
Conclusions:
- Revisiting current transplantation practices is essential to devise new strategies for better long-term outcomes.
- Limiting therapy toxicities through novel immunosuppression is crucial for pediatric patients.
- Equating graft survival with patient survival remains a primary objective in pediatric organ transplantation.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Kidney Transplant I: Introduction
A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
01:26Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure
Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
01:16Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management
Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
01:26Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion
In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
01:06Renal Drug Clearance: Overview
Renal clearance is a crucial parameter in pharmacokinetics that quantifies the rate at which the kidneys excrete a drug. It represents a constant fraction of the central volume of distribution containing the drug that the kidney eliminates per unit of time.
Renal clearance can be calculated using different methods. One approach is to divide the urinary drug excretion rate by the plasma drug concentration. This method directly measures renal clearance, indicating the kidneys' efficiency in...
Renal clearance can be calculated using different methods. One approach is to divide the urinary drug excretion rate by the plasma drug concentration. This method directly measures renal clearance, indicating the kidneys' efficiency in...
01:15Renal Drug Excretion: Overview
As primary excretory organs, the kidneys maintain homeostasis by removing waste substances from the bloodstream. They comprise over a million units called nephrons, which serve as the kidney's functional units.
A nephron consists of two primary structures: the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule. The renal corpuscle contains the glomerulus, a network of capillaries where the first step of renal excretion, glomerular filtration, occurs. Blood pressure forces water, ions, and small molecules out...
A nephron consists of two primary structures: the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule. The renal corpuscle contains the glomerulus, a network of capillaries where the first step of renal excretion, glomerular filtration, occurs. Blood pressure forces water, ions, and small molecules out...