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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

An Electrophysiology Protocol to Measure Reward Anticipation and Processing in Children

An Electrophysiology Protocol to Measure Reward Anticipation and Processing in Children

Published on: October 4, 2018

Processes contributing to forward and backward span: an ERP investigation.

Claire E Nulsen¹, Allison M Fox, Geoffrey R Hammond

¹School of Psychology, Mailbag M304, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. clairenulsen@graduate.uwa.edu.au

|February 4, 2010

Summary

Reversing item order impairs verbal memory span and associated brain responses (P3a and P3b potentials) more than visuospatial memory. This suggests verbal recall order reversal taxes attentional resources.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

An Electrophysiology Protocol to Measure Reward Anticipation and Processing in Children

An Electrophysiology Protocol to Measure Reward Anticipation and Processing in Children

Published on: October 4, 2018

Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Psychology
Neuroscience

Background:

Verbal span is more susceptible to order reversal than visuospatial span.
Event-related potentials (ERPs) offer insights into cognitive processes during memory tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate behavioral and neural differences between verbal and visuospatial span tasks with reversed item recall.
To examine the role of P3a and P3b ERP components in verbal vs. visuospatial memory.

Main Methods:

Novel recognition span tasks using verbal (digits) and visuospatial (blocks) stimuli.
Behavioral performance and event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded.

Main Results:

Reversing item order significantly reduced behavioral span for verbal stimuli.
Verbal backward span tasks showed decreased amplitudes for P3a and P3b ERP components.
No significant reduction in behavioral span or ERP amplitudes was observed for visuospatial tasks.

Conclusions:

The findings indicate that verbal memory order reversal is more cognitively demanding, impacting both performance and neural activity.
Reduced P3a suggests attenuated expectancy violation detection, while reduced P3b points to diminished attentional resource allocation for verbal recall.
The results highlight distinct neural mechanisms underlying verbal and visuospatial memory processing, particularly under demanding recall conditions.