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Hyperplastic polyposis syndrome is associated with cigarette smoking, which may be a modifiable risk factor
R Griff Walker1, Juergen K Landmann, David G Hewett
1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
The American Journal of Gastroenterology
|February 4, 2010
Summary
Cigarette smoking is strongly linked to hyperplastic polyposis syndrome (HPS), a condition increasing colorectal cancer risk. This suggests smoking may trigger HPS development, highlighting the importance of smoking cessation for affected individuals.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Hyperplastic polyposis syndrome (HPS) increases colorectal cancer risk and presents clinical management challenges.
- HPS polyps and associated cancers share molecular features (CpG island methylator phenotype, BRAF mutations) with sporadic cancers linked to smoking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the hypothesis that cigarette smoking may be a predisposing factor for the development of Hyperplastic Polyposis Syndrome (HPS).
Main Methods:
- A case-control study was conducted in Brisbane, Australia.
- Cases comprised 32 patients diagnosed with HPS according to WHO criteria.
- Two control groups were used: 298 colonoscopy controls (polyp-free) and 645 population controls; all participants completed smoking history questionnaires.
Main Results:
- Current smoking prevalence was significantly higher in HPS patients (47%) compared to colonoscopy controls (17%) and population controls (12%).
- HPS patients were substantially more likely to be current smokers than both control groups (OR=8.3 for colonoscopy controls, OR=12.7 for population controls).
Conclusions:
- A strong association exists between cigarette smoking and Hyperplastic Polyposis Syndrome.
- Findings suggest that smoking exposure may contribute to the expression or development of HPS.
- Further research is recommended to explore the potential benefits of smoking cessation in HPS patients.
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