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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Measurements of Waves in a Wind-wave Tank Under Steady and Time-varying Wind Forcing

Measurements of Waves in a Wind-wave Tank Under Steady and Time-varying Wind Forcing

Published on: February 13, 2018

Laser instrument for detecting water ripple slopes.

G Tober, R C Anderson, O H Shemdin

|February 4, 2010

Summary

This study introduces an optical instrument for measuring wind-induced water surface ripple angles. The device enables detailed studies of wave dynamics, even on lower frequency mechanical waves.

Area of Science:

Fluid Dynamics
Optical Instrumentation
Oceanography

Background:

Wind-induced ripples are crucial for understanding air-sea interactions.
Previous methods for studying water surface dynamics were limited.
Investigating ripple characteristics on mechanical waves requires precise measurement tools.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe a novel optical instrument for measuring wind-induced ripple.
To enable independent measurement of surface normal vector angles in two planes.
To facilitate the study of wind-induced ripples on lower frequency mechanical waves.

Main Methods:

An optical instrument was developed to measure tip angles of the projected surface normal vector.
Measurements were taken in down-wind and cross-wind vertical planes.

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The system was calibrated in situ before data recording.

Main Results:

The instrument measures ripple tip angles independently of water height.
Reduced underwater hardware (one mirror) simplifies deployment.
Separate analog voltage outputs are provided for each angle measurement.

Conclusions:

The described optical instrument offers a robust method for studying wind-induced ripples.
It allows for detailed analysis of ripple dynamics on various wave types.
The system's design enhances experimental flexibility in fluid dynamics research.