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Related Concept Videos

Shear on the Horizontal Face of a Beam Element01:16

Shear on the Horizontal Face of a Beam Element

To understand shear on the flat side of a prismatic beam element, consider the vertical and horizontal shearing forces, and the normal forces, acting on the element. The element's upper (U) and lower (L) sections, which are divided by the beam's neutral axis, are examined. The equilibrium of these forces is determined by applying the equilibrium equation, which helps identify the horizontal shearing force. This force is directly related to the bending moments and the cross-section's first...
Shearing Stresses in a Beam: Problem Solving01:14

Shearing Stresses in a Beam: Problem Solving

A cantilever beam with a rectangular cross-section under distributed and point loads experiences shearing stresses. The analysis begins by identifying the loads acting on the beam. Then, the reactions at the beam's fixed end are calculated using equilibrium equations. The vertical reaction is a combination of the distributed and point loads, while the moment reaction is the sum of their moments. The shear force distribution along the beam, resulting from these loads, is established by creating...
Shear Diagram01:27

Shear Diagram

In the study of beam mechanics, shear diagrams play a crucial role in understanding the distribution of shear forces along the length of a beam. Consider a beam AB that is supported at both ends and subjected to perpendicular loads.
First, a free-body diagram of the beam is drawn, representing all the external forces and internal reactions acting on the beam. One can calculate the reaction forces at each support by employing the equilibrium equations of force and moment. The vertical component...
Singularity Functions for Shear01:26

Singularity Functions for Shear

In structural analysis, singularity functions are crucial in simplifying the representation of shear forces in beams under discontinuous loading. These functions describe discontinuous variations in shear force across a beam with varying loads by using a single mathematical expression, regardless of the complexity of the loading conditions. The singularity functions are derived from creating a free-body diagram of the beam and then making conceptual cuts at specific points to examine the shear...
Relation Between the Shear and Bending Moment01:22

Relation Between the Shear and Bending Moment

When a beam is subjected to various loads, such as a distributed load, concentrated loads, and a couple moment, it experiences both shear forces and bending moments. To understand the relationship between these two forces, we can analyze an elemental section of the beam and draw a free-body diagram.
Beams with Symmetric Loadings01:15

Beams with Symmetric Loadings

The moment-area method is an analytical tool used in structural engineering to determine the slope and deflection of beams under various loads. Consider a cantilever with a concentrated load and moment at the free end. The first step is constructing a free-body diagram to calculate the reactions at the fixed end. Next, the bending moment diagram is plotted to visualize how the bending moment varies along the beam's length, focusing on points where the bending moment equals zero.
The M/EI...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Visualization of Failure and the Associated Grain-Scale Mechanical Behavior of Granular Soils under Shear using Synchrotron X-Ray Micro-Tomography
09:00

Visualization of Failure and the Associated Grain-Scale Mechanical Behavior of Granular Soils under Shear using Synchrotron X-Ray Micro-Tomography

Published on: September 29, 2019

Multiple-beam lateral-shear interferometer.

S Mallick, M Rousseau

    Applied Optics
    |February 4, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A novel method uses a Ronchi ruling and multiple exposures to create sharp lateral-shear interferograms of phase objects. This technique enhances fringe clarity for detailed phase object analysis.

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    Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

    Visualization of Failure and the Associated Grain-Scale Mechanical Behavior of Granular Soils under Shear using Synchrotron X-Ray Micro-Tomography
    09:00

    Visualization of Failure and the Associated Grain-Scale Mechanical Behavior of Granular Soils under Shear using Synchrotron X-Ray Micro-Tomography

    Published on: September 29, 2019

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
    12:14

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

    Published on: August 12, 2013

    High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis
    07:55

    High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis

    Published on: September 22, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Interferometry
    • Phase Contrast Imaging

    Background:

    • Phase objects alter light wave propagation without changing amplitude.
    • Traditional interferometry methods can be complex to set up and interpret.
    • Ronchi rulings are diffraction gratings used for optical testing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a simplified method for generating lateral-shear interferograms.
    • To enhance the clarity and sharpness of interference fringes for phase object analysis.
    • To demonstrate a technique for visualizing phase object deformations.

    Main Methods:

    • Photographing a Ronchi ruling through a phase object with longitudinal displacement for multiple exposures.
    • Utilizing a frequency-plane mask to isolate a single diffracted order.
    • Processing the photographic plate to obtain the interferogram.

    Main Results:

    • Successful generation of lateral-shear interferograms of phase objects.
    • Demonstration of sharp interference fringes, especially with multiple exposures.
    • The technique effectively visualizes deformations induced by the phase object.

    Conclusions:

    • The described method provides a straightforward approach to lateral-shear interferometry.
    • Multiple exposures significantly improve fringe sharpness, aiding in phase object characterization.
    • This technique offers a valuable tool for optical metrology and phase object analysis.