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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing
Published on: August 14, 2019
Medical management of lower urinary tract symptoms
Eric E Laborde1, Kevin T McVary
1Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago, IL.
Abstract:
Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are a common complaint among aging men and are often caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). A number of medical treatments for LUTS/BPH exist, such as alpha-blockers, 5alpha-reductase inhibitors, anticholinergics, phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, and combination therapies. Agonist binding of the alpha(1A)-adrenergic receptor (AR), causing prostatic smooth muscle contraction, has been attributed to cause some LUTS. Therefore, medical therapy has aimed to block the alpha(1A)-AR and improve LUTS. Determining which therapy to choose must take into account individual patient factors as well as cost and patient choice.
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