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Related Concept Videos

The Carbon Cycle01:14

The Carbon Cycle

Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
Microbial Wastewater Treatment01:30

Microbial Wastewater Treatment

Microbial communities in aquatic ecosystems play a key role in the natural breakdown of contaminants introduced through domestic and industrial effluents. Acting as biological catalysts, these microbes change and mineralize a wide range of organic and inorganic pollutants under different redox conditions.In oxygen-rich surface waters, aerobic heterotrophs lead organic matter breakdown, using oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor to efficiently oxidize substrates to carbon dioxide and water.
Carbon-dioxide Fixation01:28

Carbon-dioxide Fixation

Carbon dioxide fixation in prokaryotes enables the assimilation of inorganic carbon into organic molecules, supporting biosynthetic pathways, sustaining ecosystems, and contributing to the global carbon cycle. It also has industrial applications in carbon capture and bioproduct synthesis. Autotrophic organisms rely on this process to utilize CO₂ as a carbon source in diverse environments.The Calvin CycleThe Calvin cycle is the most widespread carbon fixation mechanism, primarily used by...
Carbonation Shrinkage01:24

Carbonation Shrinkage

Atmospheric CO2 penetrates the concrete's pores and, in the presence of moisture, forms carbonic acid, which then reacts with calcium hydroxide in the hydrated cement, forming calcium carbonate. This process reduces the concrete's volume and is termed carbonation shrinkage.
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Microbes and Climate Change01:27

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Microorganisms are pivotal agents in Earth's biogeochemical cycles, significantly influencing climate dynamics through their metabolic activities. These microbes modulate the levels of key greenhouse gases by both contributing to and helping mitigate climate change.Microbial Contributions to Greenhouse Gas EmissionsRising global temperatures accelerate microbial metabolism, which, in turn, speeds up the decomposition of organic matter. This process releases carbon dioxide (CO₂) through...
Green Algae01:21

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Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...

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Dynamic Pore-scale Reservoir-condition Imaging of Reaction in Carbonates Using Synchrotron Fast Tomography
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Published on: February 21, 2017

Water challenges for geologic carbon capture and sequestration.

Robin L Newmark1, Samuel J Friedmann, Susan A Carroll

  • 1National Renewable Energy Laboratory, MS 1713, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA. robin.newmark@nrel.gov

Environmental Management
|February 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) presents water challenges, including increased demand and potential contamination. Understanding these impacts is crucial for safe geologic storage and environmental protection.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Geoscience
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) is a key strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel use.
  • Geologic sequestration involves capturing CO2 from industrial sources, transporting it, and injecting it into deep formations.
  • CCS implementation raises significant water-related challenges and concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and analyze the water challenges associated with geologic carbon sequestration.
  • To explore potential impacts on water resources, including demand and contamination risks.
  • To highlight the importance of monitoring and controls for environmental safety and accounting.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on water use and impacts in CCS.
  • Analysis of hydrogeological processes during CO2 injection and storage.
  • Assessment of potential risks and benefits related to water management in CCS.

Main Results:

  • CCS can significantly increase water demand, particularly during the capture phase (capture penalty).
  • Potential risks include brine displacement, increased reservoir pressure, and groundwater contamination from leakage.
  • Co-production and treatment of water can potentially offset pressure increases and provide local water resources.

Conclusions:

  • Effective water management strategies, monitoring, and controls are essential for the safe and sustainable deployment of CCS.
  • Addressing water challenges is critical for ensuring environmental integrity and public acceptance of CCS technologies.
  • Potential water benefits, such as beneficial use of co-produced water, should be further investigated and integrated into CCS planning.