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Related Concept Videos

In vitro Mutagenesis01:16

In vitro Mutagenesis

To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
Mutations01:35

Mutations

Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
Mutations01:39

Mutations

Overview
Mutations01:39

Mutations

Overview
Mutations in Microorganisms01:18

Mutations in Microorganisms

Mutations are heritable changes in an organism’s genome involving alterations in the base sequence of DNA or RNA. These changes can influence cellular processes and phenotypic traits, potentially transforming the unaltered wild type into a mutant form. Such changes, termed forward mutations, are pivotal in shaping the genetic diversity of organisms.RNA viruses exhibit the highest mutation rates due to the absence of robust proofreading mechanisms during genome replication. In contrast,...
In-vitro Mutagenesis01:16

In-vitro Mutagenesis

To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.

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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

A Protocol for Functional Assessment of Whole-Protein Saturation Mutagenesis Libraries Utilizing High-Throughput Sequencing
11:36

A Protocol for Functional Assessment of Whole-Protein Saturation Mutagenesis Libraries Utilizing High-Throughput Sequencing

Published on: July 3, 2016

Mutagenesis: mutating a gene while reading it.

Thomas Helleday1

  • 1Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK. helleday@gmt.su.se

Current Biology : CB
|February 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

DNA mutations can occur during transcription. This study reveals UV-damaged DNA deamination during transcription, explaining CC tandem mutations in the p53 gene in skin cancers.

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Identifying DNA Mutations in Purified Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells
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Published on: February 24, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • DNA damage is a known factor in cancer development.
  • The p53 gene is frequently mutated in skin cancers.
  • The precise mechanisms of DNA mutation during transcription are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if DNA mutations can occur during the transcription process.
  • To explore the role of UV-induced DNA damage in transcriptional mutagenesis.
  • To identify potential mechanisms for CC tandem mutations in the p53 gene.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized molecular biology techniques to study DNA-protein interactions during transcription.
  • Analyzed UV-damaged DNA substrates in a transcription-coupled system.
  • Investigated the mutational profile of the p53 gene in skin cancer samples.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that UV-damaged DNA undergoes deamination during transcription.
  • Identified this deamination as a likely source of CC tandem mutations.
  • Linked this process to mutations observed in the p53 gene in skin cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Transcription can directly lead to DNA mutations.
  • Deamination of UV-damaged DNA during transcription is a significant mutagenic pathway.
  • This mechanism provides insight into the etiology of p53 mutations in skin carcinogenesis.