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Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine
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Published on: May 21, 2012

Potent intestinal Th17 priming through peripheral lipopolysaccharide-based immunization.

Jeremy P McAleer1, Bei Liu, Zihai Li

  • 1Department of Immunology,University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.

Journal of Leukocyte Biology
|February 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) vaccination expands Th17 cells in the gut. This expansion occurs independently of IL-23, offering new strategies for mucosal immunity.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a known adjuvant that enhances T helper 1 (Th1) immune responses.
  • The role of LPS in modulating T helper 17 (Th17) cell differentiation and expansion, particularly in mucosal tissues, remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of systemic LPS immunization on Th17 cell generation in the murine small intestinal lamina propria.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying LPS-induced Th17 cell amplification in vivo, including the role of IL-23.

Main Methods:

  • Systemic immunization of mice with LPS.
  • Analysis of specific Th17 cell populations in the small intestinal lamina propria.
  • T-cell adoptive transfer experiments.
  • Assessment of IL-23p19 production by bone marrow-derived cells.

Main Results:

  • Systemic LPS immunization generated significant numbers of Ag-specific Th17 cells in the gut lamina propria.
  • Priming of these Th17 cells required IL-23p19 production by bone marrow-derived cells.
  • LPS stimulation expanded precommitted Th17 cells, rather than inducing Th17 differentiation.
  • LPS-driven Th17 cell expansion occurred independently of IL-23, suggesting a role for IL-23 at an earlier priming stage.

Conclusions:

  • LPS vaccination is effective in generating Th17 cells in the gut mucosa.
  • LPS amplifies Th17 responses through expansion of precommitted cells, independent of IL-23.
  • These findings support the use of LPS-based vaccines to enhance T-cell-mediated mucosal immunity.