Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV

Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV

During the electron transport chain, electrons from NADH and FADH2 are first transferred to complexes I and II, respectively. These two complexes then transfer the electrons to ubiquinol, which carries them further to complex III. Complex III passes the electrons across the intermembrane space to Cyt c, which carries them further to complex IV. Complex IV donates electrons to oxygen and reduces it to water. As electrons pass through complexes I, III, and IV, the energy released aids the pumping...

The Supercomplexes in the Crista Membrane

The Supercomplexes in the Crista Membrane

The mitochondrial cristae membrane is the primary site for the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) process of energy conversion mediated through respiratory complexes I to V. These complexes have been widely studied for decades, and it has been proven that they form supramolecular structures called respiratory supercomplexes (SC). These higher-order complexes may be crucial in maintaining the biochemical structure and improving the physiological activity of the individual complexes while...

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...

Electron Transport Chain Components

Electron Transport Chain Components

The electron transport chain (ETC) is a crucial metabolic pathway that facilitates energy conversion in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In eukaryotes, the ETC comprises four membrane-associated protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In prokaryotes, the ETC in the plasma membrane can vary in composition, with fewer or different complexes depending on the organism and environmental conditions. These complexes transfer electrons from electron donors, such as NADH and FADH2, to...

Bacterial Phylum Tenericutes

Bacterial Phylum Tenericutes

The phylum Tenericutes, which includes the single class Mollicutes, comprises bacteria that lack cell walls. The term "Mollicutes" derives from the Latin word mollis, meaning "soft." These organisms are among the smallest known and are commonly referred to as mycoplasmas due to the prominence of the genus Mycoplasma, which includes well-known human pathogens. Despite their inability to stain gram-positively (a result of their lack of cell walls), mycoplasmas are phylogenetically related to the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The algal trophic mode affects the interaction and oil production of a synergistic microalga-yeast consortium.

Bioresource technology·2018

Same author

Purification and crystallization of Photosystem I complex from a phycobilisome-less mutant of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus PCC 7002.

Photosynthesis research·2013

Same author

Multiple Rieske/cytb complexes in a single organism.

Biochimica et biophysica acta·2013

Same author

Comment on "A bacterium that can grow by using arsenic instead of phosphorus".

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2011

Same author

Heliobacterial Rieske/cytb complex.

Photosynthesis research·2010

Same author

Comment on "Arsenic (III) fuels anoxygenic photosynthesis in hot spring biofilms from Mono Lake, California".

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2009

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

A New Approach for the Comparative Analysis of Multiprotein Complexes Based on 15N Metabolic Labeling and Quantitative Mass Spectrometry

A New Approach for the Comparative Analysis of Multiprotein Complexes Based on ¹⁵N Metabolic Labeling and Quantitative Mass Spectrometry

Published on: March 13, 2014

The "green" phylogenetic clade of Rieske/cytb complexes.

W Nitschke¹, R van Lis, B Schoepp-Cothenet

¹BIP, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR9036, IFR88, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, Marseille, France. nitschke@ifr88.cnrs-mrs.fr

Photosynthesis Research

|February 5, 2010

Summary

Heliobacteria possess a unique split cytochrome b protein, suggesting evolutionary links with cyanobacteria and Chlorobiaceae. This study reveals a "green" clade uniting these and other organisms through molecular phylogeny and Rieske/cytb complex analysis.

More Related Videos

High-Resolution Complexome Profiling by Cryoslicing BN-MS Analysis

High-Resolution Complexome Profiling by Cryoslicing BN-MS Analysis

Published on: October 15, 2019

Analysis of Thylakoid Membrane Protein Complexes by Blue Native Gel Electrophoresis

Analysis of Thylakoid Membrane Protein Complexes by Blue Native Gel Electrophoresis

Published on: September 28, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

A New Approach for the Comparative Analysis of Multiprotein Complexes Based on 15N Metabolic Labeling and Quantitative Mass Spectrometry

A New Approach for the Comparative Analysis of Multiprotein Complexes Based on ¹⁵N Metabolic Labeling and Quantitative Mass Spectrometry

Published on: March 13, 2014

High-Resolution Complexome Profiling by Cryoslicing BN-MS Analysis

High-Resolution Complexome Profiling by Cryoslicing BN-MS Analysis

Published on: October 15, 2019

Analysis of Thylakoid Membrane Protein Complexes by Blue Native Gel Electrophoresis

Analysis of Thylakoid Membrane Protein Complexes by Blue Native Gel Electrophoresis

Published on: September 28, 2018

Area of Science:

Evolutionary biology
Bioenergetics
Microbiology

Background:

Heliobacteria feature a distinctive split cytochrome b subunit in their Rieske/cytb complex, similar to cyanobacterial and plastidial b6f complexes.
The presence of RCI-type reaction centers in Heliobacteria suggests potential evolutionary connections with Chlorobiaceae and Cyanobacteria.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the evolutionary relationships among Heliobacteria, Chlorobiaceae, and Cyanobacteria.
To explore the phylogenetic significance of Rieske/cytb complexes in these phototrophic lineages.

Main Methods:

Molecular phylogeny analyses were employed to reconstruct evolutionary histories.
Phylogenetic marker traits of the Rieske/cytb complex superfamily were analyzed.

Main Results:

The combination of molecular phylogeny and Rieske/cytb complex analysis supports a "green" clade.
This clade encompasses RCI-type photosynthetic organisms and numerous non-phototrophic species.

Conclusions:

The findings suggest a broader evolutionary framework for phototrophic and non-phototrophic lineages.
Structural and functional characteristics are re-evaluated within evolutionary bioenergetics.