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Related Concept Videos

Phase Transitions01:21

Phase Transitions

A phase transition is the process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another, like from a solid to a liquid, liquid to gas, or vice versa, at a specific temperature and under given pressure conditions. This change is spontaneous and is affected by alterations in temperature and pressure. These parameters impact the strength of the forces between molecules (intermolecular forces) in the substance.During a phase transition, both the initial and final phases of the substance...
Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to occupy...
Phase Diagrams of Ternary Systems01:28

Phase Diagrams of Ternary Systems

Consider a ternary system, which is composed of three components: water (W), ethanoic acid (E), and trichloromethane (T). Here, Ethanoic acid (E) is fully miscible with both water (W) and trichloromethane (T), meaning it can mix entirely with either of them. However, water and trichloromethane have partial miscibility, meaning they can only mix to a certain extent, beyond which two separate phases will form.The phase diagram of a ternary system is represented as an equilateral triangle, where...
Phase Diagram01:19

Phase Diagram

The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insights into the thermal properties of substances. Such plots are known as phase diagrams. For instance, in the phase diagram for water (Figure 1), the solid curve boundaries between the phases indicate phase transitions (i.e., temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist).
Phase Diagram01:24

Phase Diagram

A phase diagram is a graphical representation of the physical states of a substance under different conditions of temperature and pressure. It shows the boundaries between solid, liquid, and gas phases and the conditions at which these phases coexist in equilibrium. An area in a phase diagram represents a single phase, whereas lines or phase boundaries represent the equilibrium between two phases.In the phase diagram of water, the boundary line between the solid and liquid states illustrates...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

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Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers
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Structures and phase transitions in (MoO2)2P2O7.

Sarah E Lister1, Anne Soleilhavoup, Ray L Withers

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE UK.

Inorganic Chemistry
|February 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Structural investigations of molybdenum pyrophosphate reveal phase transitions upon cooling. This research details the crystal structures of the gamma, beta, and alpha phases using advanced diffraction and NMR techniques.

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Area of Science:

  • Solid-state chemistry
  • Materials science
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Molybdenum pyrophosphate ((MoO2)2P2O7) is a material with potential applications.
  • Understanding its structural behavior is crucial for material design.
  • Previous structural models exist but require further validation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively investigate the structural properties of (MoO2)2P2O7.
  • To identify and characterize phase transitions occurring at specific temperatures.
  • To correlate structural findings with spectroscopic data for validation.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray, neutron, and electron diffraction techniques were employed.
  • Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, including 1D and 2D (31)P NMR, was utilized.
  • First-principles quantum chemical calculations were performed for theoretical support.

Main Results:

  • A series of phase transitions were observed upon cooling at 377 K and 325 K.
  • The high-temperature gamma-phase (Pnma) and low-temperature alpha-phase (P2(1)/c) structures were characterized with detailed lattice parameters.
  • The intermediate beta-phase is proposed to have an incommensurately modulated structure.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides detailed structural insights into molybdenum pyrophosphate and its phase transitions.
  • Advanced diffraction and NMR methods, supported by computational calculations, successfully validated the proposed crystal structures.
  • The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the material's behavior under varying temperatures.