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Related Concept Videos

Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving01:29

Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving

Mechanistic models play a crucial role in algorithms for numerical problem-solving, particularly in nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NMEM). These models aim to minimize specific objective functions by evaluating various parameter estimates, leading to the development of systematic algorithms. In some cases, linearization techniques approximate the model using linear equations.
In individual population analyses, different algorithms are employed, such as Cauchy's method, which uses a...
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A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
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Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium

Heat and temperature are essential concepts for everyone every day. The study of heat and temperature is part of an area of physics known as thermodynamics. It is not always easy to distinguish heat and temperature.
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Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Physiological Models01:15

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Physiological Models

Physiological models in pharmacokinetics are instrumental in understanding the distribution and elimination of drugs within the body. These models describe the drug concentration within target organs, influenced by factors such as drug uptake, tissue volume, and blood flow. Drug uptake is governed by the partition coefficient, which signifies the drug concentration ratio in tissue to that in the blood. The blood flow rate to a specific tissue is expressed as Qt, and the rate of change in tissue...
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Thermosensation

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Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Using a Combination of Indirect Calorimetry, Infrared Thermography, and Blood Glucose Levels to Measure Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis in Humans
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Using a Combination of Indirect Calorimetry, Infrared Thermography, and Blood Glucose Levels to Measure Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis in Humans

Published on: June 2, 2023

Model-based PRFS thermometry using fat as the internal reference and the extended Prony algorithm for model fitting.

Xinyi Pan1, Cheng Li, Kui Ying

  • 1Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging
|February 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new model-based proton resonance frequency shift (PRFS) thermometry method improves temperature accuracy by using a two-component model and fat as a reference. This advanced technique overcomes limitations of conventional methods for precise temperature measurement.

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Using a Combination of Indirect Calorimetry, Infrared Thermography, and Blood Glucose Levels to Measure Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis in Humans
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Published on: February 18, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging
  • Therapeutic Ultrasound

Background:

  • Conventional phase mapping thermometry suffers from temperature quantification errors.
  • Spectroscopic thermometry methods have spatiotemporal limitations.
  • Accurate temperature monitoring is crucial for applications like High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a model-based proton resonance frequency shift (PRFS) thermometry method.
  • To reduce temperature quantification errors and overcome limitations of existing thermometry techniques.
  • To validate the method's feasibility in biological tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multi-echo gradient echo (GRE) sequences for spectral data acquisition.
  • Developed a two-component signal model incorporating temperature information and using fat as an internal reference.
  • Employed the noniterative extended Prony algorithm for signal fitting and frequency estimation.

Main Results:

  • Monte Carlo simulations showed improved water-fat separation and temperature estimation accuracy.
  • Phantom experiments demonstrated reduced motion effects and main field drift disturbances.
  • Ex vivo goose liver experiments with HIFU heating indicated the method's feasibility in real tissue.

Conclusions:

  • The model-based PRFS thermometry method offers significant improvements over conventional techniques.
  • The method provides accurate temperature quantification and is robust against motion and field drift.
  • This approach is feasible for real-time temperature monitoring in biological tissues during thermal therapies.