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Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
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Scattering in ZnO-Sapphire Optical Waveguides.

D J Channin, J M Hammer, M T Duffy

    Applied Optics
    |February 6, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers studied optical waveguide loss in ZnO-sapphire films, identifying bulk and surface scattering as key factors. Optimizing fabrication reduced loss significantly, demonstrating the impact of scattering on optical performance.

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    Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

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    Published on: November 30, 2012

    Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle
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    Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials

    Published on: September 26, 2014

    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Optoelectronics
    • Thin Film Technology

    Background:

    • Optical waveguides are crucial for photonic devices.
    • Scattering losses limit waveguide performance.
    • Epitaxial zinc oxide (ZnO) on sapphire substrates are promising for optical applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate optical waveguide loss mechanisms in epitaxial ZnO-sapphire films.
    • To differentiate between bulk and surface scattering contributions.
    • To correlate scattering with fabrication processes and guide improvements.

    Main Methods:

    • Measured optical attenuation dependence on mode number and wavelength.
    • Applied wave-optical scattering theory for analysis.
    • Characterized scattering contributions (bulk and surface).

    Main Results:

    • Bulk scattering exhibited a characteristic lambda(-4) Rayleigh scattering dependence.
    • Surface roughness followed a white noise spectrum, correlating with observed surface scattering.
    • Attenuation coefficients were linked to fabrication parameters.

    Conclusions:

    • Scattering is a primary source of optical loss in ZnO-sapphire waveguides.
    • Understanding scattering mechanisms enables targeted fabrication improvements.
    • Optimized fabrication reduced waveguide loss from 20 dB/cm to 1 dB/cm.