Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

[Specific features of cardiac insufficiency in elderly patients with chronic renal disease]

V A Serov, A M Shutov, S V Khiteeva

    Klinicheskaia Meditsina
    |February 9, 2010
    PubMed

    Insights

    Nearly half of elderly patients with chronic cardiac insufficiency (CCI) also have renal dysfunction. These patients frequently develop atrial fibrillation and mitral regurgitation, particularly women.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Nephrology
    • Geriatrics

    Background:

    • Elderly patients with chronic cardiac insufficiency (CCI) often present with comorbidities.
    • Renal dysfunction is a common complication in this population, impacting cardiovascular health.
    • Understanding the interplay between CCI and renal dysfunction is crucial for effective management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the clinical characteristics of elderly patients experiencing chronic cardiac insufficiency alongside renal dysfunction.
    • To identify specific clinical features associated with the co-occurrence of CCI and chronic renal disease (CRD).

    Main Methods:

    • A cohort of 260 elderly patients (age > 60) with varying functional classes of CCI was studied.
    • Patients were assessed for the presence and severity of chronic renal disease (CRD) using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) via the MDRD formula.
    • Clinical data, including comorbidities like hypertensive disease (HD) and coronary heart disease (CHD), and complications such as atrial fibrillation (AF) and mitral regurgitation (MR), were analyzed.

    Main Results:

    • Chronic renal disease (CRD) was diagnosed in 48.5% of the elderly CCI patients.
    • Atrial fibrillation (AF) was observed in 25.8% of patients with co-existing CCI and CRD, showing a correlation with CCI functional class and eGFR.
    • Mitral regurgitation (MR) occurred more frequently in CCI patients with CRD, correlating significantly with age and reduced eGFR.

    Conclusions:

    • Renal dysfunction is prevalent in nearly half of elderly individuals with chronic cardiac insufficiency.
    • Elderly patients with both CCI and CRD exhibit a higher incidence of atrial fibrillation and mitral regurgitation.
    • Chronic cardiac insufficiency with renal dysfunction is more common in women, whereas CCI without renal dysfunction is more prevalent in men.
    Abstract

    Related Concept Videos

    Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management01:18

    Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management

    Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care​.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of fluid...
    Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

    Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

    In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
    Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

    Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

    Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
    Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

    Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

    Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
    Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

    Imbalances in Cardiac Output

    The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
    CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send blood...
    Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

    Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

    Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...