Tooth loss, apolipoprotein E, and decline in delayed word recall.

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Gerontology
• Oral Health

Background:

• Previous research indicates a link between reduced dentition and elevated dementia risk.
• The apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele is a known genetic risk factor for dementia.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the specific relationship between a low tooth count and memory decline, measured by Delayed Word Recall scores.
• To examine the combined impact of a low tooth count and the apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele on memory performance.

Main Methods:

• Cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of Delayed Word Recall scores in relation to tooth count and apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele status.
• Comparison of cognitive decline trajectories between groups with varying combinations of risk factors.

Main Results:

• Individuals with fewer teeth (0-9) and the apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele exhibited lower baseline Delayed Word Recall scores.
• This combined risk group demonstrated a more rapid decline in memory performance over time compared to other groups.
• Having either risk factor alone was associated with poorer outcomes than having neither, but less severe than having both.

Conclusions:

• A low number of teeth, particularly in combination with the apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele, represents a significant risk factor for accelerated memory decline.
• These findings highlight the potential role of oral health in cognitive aging and dementia risk.
• Targeting both dental health and genetic predispositions may be crucial for mitigating memory loss in aging populations.