Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Comparison Study: Glacier Calving Front Delineation in Synthetic Aperture Radar Images With Deep Learning.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
Same author

Impact of a care process model on outcomes in emergency department patients with atrial fibrillation.

Heart rhythm O2·2025
Same author

Mapping the respiratory microbiome in intubated children over time.

Microbiology spectrum·2025
Same author

Correction: From Risk Assessment to Intervention: A Systematic Review of Thrombosis in Plastic Surgery.

Cureus·2025
Same author

Ocular manifestations secondary to cocaine abuse.

Survey of ophthalmology·2025
Same author

Internal validation of a convolutional neural network pipeline for assessing meibomian gland structure from meibography.

Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry·2025
Same journal

Prenatal cannabinoid and nicotine exposure: senescence as a developmental origin of bronchopulmonary dysplasia?

Pediatric research·2026
Same journal

Bob Sun: ECI Biocommentary.

Pediatric research·2026
Same journal

The involvement of Anaeroplasma, caproic acid, and interleukins through the brain-gut axis may contribute to IgAV with neurological involvement.

Pediatric research·2026
Same journal

Emerging role of microplastics and nanoplastics in children's health.

Pediatric research·2026
Same journal

Serum cytokine profiling reveals distinct inflammatory signatures in Kawasaki disease and MIS-C and suggests associations with coronary artery lesions.

Pediatric research·2026
Same journal

Protective effects of dexpanthenol on experimental colitis in young rats: modulation of p53/BAX/BCL2 and RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling with anti-inflammatory activity.

Pediatric research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Development of New Therapeutic Applications Using Microfluidics
08:56

Development of New Therapeutic Applications Using Microfluidics

Published on: October 1, 2007

Nanotechnology: pediatric applications.

Mary C Machado1, Daniel Cheng, Keiko M Tarquinio

  • 1Division of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02919, USA.

Pediatric Research
|February 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanotechnology offers a promising solution to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in children by inhibiting endotracheal tube (ETT) colonization. Nanoparticles and nanoetching reduce biofilm formation, a key factor in this serious infection.

More Related Videos

Biofunctionalized Prussian Blue Nanoparticles for Multimodal Molecular Imaging Applications
11:28

Biofunctionalized Prussian Blue Nanoparticles for Multimodal Molecular Imaging Applications

Published on: April 28, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Development of New Therapeutic Applications Using Microfluidics
08:56

Development of New Therapeutic Applications Using Microfluidics

Published on: October 1, 2007

Biofunctionalized Prussian Blue Nanoparticles for Multimodal Molecular Imaging Applications
11:28

Biofunctionalized Prussian Blue Nanoparticles for Multimodal Molecular Imaging Applications

Published on: April 28, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a significant clinical challenge in pediatric intensive care.
  • VAP is linked to endotracheal tube (ETT) colonization during mechanical ventilation.
  • Diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of VAP in children are often complicated by non-specific signs and treatment ineffectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the antimicrobial properties of nanoparticles and nanomodified surfaces for ETT applications.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of these nanomaterials in preventing bacterial colonization on ETTs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on nanoparticle antimicrobial activity (e.g., selenium, iron oxide).
  • Examination of nanoetching techniques for modifying ETT surface topography.
  • Analysis of studies investigating biofilm formation and bacterial adhesion on ETTs.

Main Results:

  • Nanoparticles can penetrate biofilms to reach antibiotic-protected bacteria.
  • Nanoetching alters ETT surfaces to impede bacterial adhesion.
  • Nanomaterial application shows potential for reducing ETT colonization.

Conclusions:

  • Nanomodified coatings on ETTs represent a viable strategy to combat VAP.
  • Nanotechnology offers a novel approach to prevent device-related infections in pediatric patients.
  • Further research is warranted to optimize nanocoatings for clinical VAP prevention.