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Drug Delivery: Overview

Drug Delivery: Overview

The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the gastrointestinal...

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection, and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs through the...

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Influencing Factors

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Influencing Factors

Modified-release drug delivery systems are designed to optimize the therapeutic effect of drugs by minimizing side effects, reducing the dosage required, and controlling drug release to align with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic needs. The system depends on two key factors: the drug's release from the formulation and its movement through the body to the target site. Unlike conventional dosage forms, where absorption is the limiting step, the rate of drug release is the key determinant in...

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Systemic and Local Drug Delivery for Treating Diseases of the Central Nervous System in Rodent Models

Systemic and Local Drug Delivery for Treating Diseases of the Central Nervous System in Rodent Models

Published on: August 16, 2010

Optimizing drugs for local delivery.

S Collingwood¹, R Lock, M Searcey

¹Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Horsham, UK. secretariat@smr.org.uk

Drug News & Perspectives

|February 9, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This symposium focused on optimizing drug delivery directly to the site of action. Experts discussed advancements in delivery technologies, formulation science, and molecular design for targeted therapies.

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Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Drug Delivery Systems
Biomedical Research

Background:

The Society for Medicines Research convened a symposium on June 11, 2009, in Horsham, UK.
The event gathered international speakers and approximately 70 delegates.
The symposium was hosted at the Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the optimization of drugs for local delivery.
To discuss the implications of targeted drug delivery on various scientific disciplines.
To foster collaboration and knowledge exchange among experts in drug delivery.

Main Methods:

The event was structured as a symposium featuring an international panel of speakers.
Discussions centered on the direct delivery of drugs to the site of action.
Key areas of focus included delivery technologies, formulation science, and molecular design.

Main Results:

The conference highlighted the importance of site-specific drug administration.
Discussions emphasized the impact of local delivery on formulation strategies.
Advancements in molecular design for targeted drug release were explored.

Conclusions:

Optimizing drugs for local delivery requires a multidisciplinary approach.
Targeted drug delivery necessitates innovation in formulation and delivery technologies.
Molecular design plays a crucial role in achieving effective local drug action.