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Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

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[Risk factors for cognitive and functional impairment in the elderly].

Rubén de León-Arcila¹, Feliciano Milián-Suazo, Nicolás Camacho-Calderón

¹Unidad de Medicina Familiar 2, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Querétaro, México. ruben.deleon@imss.gob.mx

Revista Medica Del Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social

|February 10, 2010

Summary

Cognitive and functional impairments in older adults are linked to factors like stroke, diabetes mellitus type 2, and multidrug therapy. Addressing these can help prevent decline in the elderly.

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Neuroscience
Public Health

Context:

Cognitive and functional impairments are significant concerns in the aging population.
Understanding associated risk factors is crucial for developing targeted interventions.
Previous research has explored various determinants, but a comprehensive analysis linking demographic, socioeconomic, health, and treatment factors is needed.

Purpose:

To investigate the association between cognitive and functional impairment and demographic, socioeconomic, chronic disease, and multidrug therapy factors in elderly patients.
To identify specific risk factors that can be targeted for prevention strategies.

Summary:

A cross-sectional study of 422 elderly individuals (≥60 years) utilized questionnaires and standardized assessments (Mini-Mental State Examination, Katz, Lawton and Bronfman instruments).
Logistic regression analysis revealed that stroke, female gender, and socioeconomic status were associated with cognitive impairment.
Diabetes mellitus type 2 was linked to impairment in daily activities, while female gender, visual impairment, and multidrug therapy were associated with difficulties in instrumental daily activities (all p < 0.05).

Impact:

Findings highlight specific modifiable and non-modifiable factors contributing to cognitive and functional decline in the elderly.
Identified associations can inform public health initiatives and clinical practice for preventive care in geriatric populations.
This research underscores the importance of a holistic approach, considering medical history, treatment regimens, and social determinants of health in elderly care.