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Coronary anomalies in Pakistani children with tetralogy of Fallot

Ijaz Hussain1, Najma Patel, Abdul Ghaffar

  • 1Department of Paediatric Cardiology, The National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi. ijazpaeds@yahoo.com

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|February 10, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Coronary artery anomalies in Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) were found in 8.4% of Pakistani children. The most common anomaly was a single origin coronary artery, impacting surgical planning for these congenital heart defects.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Disease
  • Cardiac Imaging

Background:

  • Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a complex congenital heart defect.
  • Coronary artery anomalies can affect surgical outcomes in TOF patients.
  • Understanding local prevalence of these anomalies is crucial for surgical planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency and types of coronary artery anomalies in Pakistani children diagnosed with Tetralogy of Fallot.
  • To assess the diagnostic utility of angiography in identifying these anomalies.

Main Methods:

  • A case series study was conducted at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan.
  • Eighty-three children under 15 with echocardiographic diagnosis of TOF underwent pre-operative cardiac catheterization and angiography.
  • Coronary arteries were visualized using nonselective aortic root angiograms.

Main Results:

  • Out of 83 patients, 8.4% exhibited coronary artery anomalies.
  • The most frequent anomaly was a single origin coronary artery (57.14% of anomalous cases).
  • Anomalous origin of the left anterior descending artery from the right coronary artery was observed in 42.86% of anomalous cases.

Conclusions:

  • Coronary artery anomalies are present in a notable percentage of Pakistani children with Tetralogy of Fallot.
  • Single origin coronary artery is the predominant anomaly in this cohort.
  • Angiographic evaluation is essential for identifying coronary variations in TOF patients prior to surgical intervention.
Abstract

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