Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of tonsil

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is an exceptionally rare tumor with limited reported cases worldwide, particularly involving the tonsil.
• The diagnosis of FDCS can be challenging due to its rarity and potential for mimicry of other lymphoid or epithelial lesions.

Observation:

• A case of FDCS in the tonsil of a 52-year-old woman is presented, initially presenting as unilateral tonsillar enlargement.
• Diagnostic tonsillectomy was performed, with subsequent histological review and immunohistochemical staining confirming the diagnosis of FDCS.
• The patient had no evidence of neck node involvement, and bone scan revealed no metastasis.

Findings:

• Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the diagnosis of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma.
• Postoperative chemotherapy was administered, and the patient showed no evidence of local or regional recurrence after one year of follow-up.
• Bone scan excluded metastatic disease.

Implications:

• Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma should be included in the differential diagnosis for any adult tonsillar mass.
• Immunohistochemical markers such as S100, CD21, and CD35 are crucial for accurate diagnosis of FDCS.
• Early diagnosis and appropriate management, including chemotherapy, may lead to favorable outcomes in FDCS.