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Leprdb Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes: Pancreatic Islet Isolation and Live-cell 2-Photon Imaging Of Intact Islets
Published on: May 11, 2015
Approaches in type 1 diabetes research: A status report.
Oindrila Raha1, Subhankar Chowdhury, Samir Dasgupta
1Anthropological Survey of India, 27-Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata, West-Bengal - 700 016, India.
International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries
|February 10, 2010
Summary
Type 1 diabetes involves autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, with increasing prevalence in India. Genetic factors like the MHC region and HLA alleles are key, necessitating better patient cohorts for research.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease destroying insulin-producing beta cells.
- It's a significant childhood disease, with rising incidence in India and inadequate monitoring.
- Genetic factors, particularly the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) region, play a crucial role in T1D risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the molecular genetics of Type 1 diabetes.
- To discuss the need for developing patient and control cohorts in India for future research.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on the genetic basis of Type 1 diabetes.
- Analysis of population and family studies on genetic risk factors.
Main Results:
- The MHC region (chromosome 6p21.31) accounts for 40-50% of T1D genetic risk.
- INS-VNTR (chromosome 11p15.5) has a 10% frequency.
- >95% of T1D patients possess HLA-DR3 or DR4 alleles.
Conclusions:
- Predisposing genetic factors like HLA alleles are established.
- Immunological interventions are of significant interest for T1D prevention.
- Developing robust patient and control cohorts in India is essential for advancing T1D research and prevention strategies.
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