Comparative virulence of three species of Exophiala in mice
Enrique Calvo1, M Mar Rodríguez, Marçal Mariné
1Unitat de Microbiologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, Spain.
Abstract:
The virulence of Exophiala dermatitidis, E. oligosperma and E. xenobiotica, three of the most common members of the genus that cause human infections, was evaluated using experimental models of disseminated infection in immunocompromised mice. Exophiala dermatitidis, and to a lesser extent E. oligosperma, were the two species causing the highest mortality, while mice infected with E. xenobiotica had the lowest mortality. Tissue burden and histopathology studies demonstrated the neurotropism of E. dermatitidis, while E. oligosperma and E. xenobiotica had a limited capacity for invading brain tissue. These models could be useful for testing new therapies against Exophiala infections.
Insights
Exophiala dermatitidis causes the highest mortality in disseminated infections, with significant neurotropism. Exophiala oligosperma also shows virulence, while E. xenobiotica is less virulent in mouse models.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Exophiala species are common causes of human infections.
- Understanding the comparative virulence of these fungi is crucial for clinical management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate and compare the virulence of Exophiala dermatitidis, E. oligosperma, and E. xenobiotica in a mouse model.
- To assess the neurotropism and tissue burden of these Exophiala species.
Main Methods:
- Experimental disseminated infection model in immunocompromised mice.
- Mortality, tissue burden, and histopathological analyses were performed.
Main Results:
- Exophiala dermatitidis exhibited the highest mortality and significant neurotropism.
- Exophiala oligosperma showed moderate virulence and limited brain invasion.
- Exophiala xenobiotica demonstrated the lowest mortality and capacity for brain invasion.
Conclusions:
- Exophiala dermatitidis is the most virulent species studied, with a propensity for neuroinvasion.
- The developed mouse models are suitable for evaluating antifungal therapies against Exophiala infections.
