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A cell-based approach for diabetes treatment using engineered non-beta cells.

Heather Bara¹, Peter M Thulé, Athanassios Sambanis

¹Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology

|February 11, 2010

Summary

Engineered enteroendocrine cells secrete insulin in diabetic mice, but do not restore normal blood sugar. Combining these cells with hepatic cells may be necessary for glycemic normalization.

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Cell Biology
Endocrinology

Background:

Implantation of insulin-secreting cells offers potential for diabetes management.
Current islet transplantation faces limitations due to tissue scarcity and immunosuppression needs.
Encapsulation and engineered non-islet cells are explored to overcome these challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of engineered enteroendocrine cells in tissue constructs for insulin delivery.
To assess the potential of a dual-cell system (enteroendocrine and hepatic) for improved glycemic control.

Main Methods:

Mouse GLUTag-INS cells, engineered for human insulin secretion, were used in tissue constructs.
These constructs were implanted intraperitoneally into diabetic mice.
Blood glucose, body weight, and plasma insulin levels were monitored.

Main Results:

GLUTag-INS constructs demonstrated insulin secretion both before and after implantation.
Human insulin was detected in the plasma of treated diabetic mice.
Normoglycemia (normal blood glucose levels) was not achieved.

Conclusions:

Engineered enteroendocrine cells show promise as an alternative to islet transplantation.
Combining recombinant enteroendocrine cells with recombinant hepatic cells may be required for successful glycemic normalization.
Further research into cell types and encapsulation methods is ongoing to improve graft acceptance and function.