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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

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Intramucosal Inoculation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells in Mice for Tumor Immune Profiling and Treatment Response Assessment
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Comprehensive MicroRNA profiling for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.

Angela B Y Hui1, Michelle Lenarduzzi, Tiffaney Krushel

  • 1Division of Applied Molecular Oncology, Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research
|February 11, 2010
PubMed
Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show altered expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Downregulation of miR-375 and upregulation of the miR-106b-25 cluster suggest oncogenic roles in HNSCC progression.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a significant global health concern.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression implicated in various cancers.
  • Understanding miRNA dysregulation in HNSCC is crucial for identifying novel therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the differential expression of miRNAs in locally advanced HNSCC.
  • To correlate miRNA profiles with clinical parameters in HNSCC patients.
  • To elucidate the functional roles of specific miRNAs in HNSCC cell lines.

Main Methods:

  • Global miRNA profiling of 51 HNSCC tissue samples using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR.
  • Correlation analysis of miRNA expression with clinical data.
  • Functional assays (MTS, clonogenic, flow cytometry) in HNSCC cell lines to assess miRNA effects on viability, proliferation, and cell cycle.

Main Results:

  • 33% of detected miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed between HNSCC and normal tissues.
  • Confirmed overexpression of miR-21, miR-155, let-7i, miR-142-3p and underexpression of miR-125b, miR-375.
  • Newly observed upregulation of miR-423, miR-106b, miR-20a, miR-16 and downregulation of miR-10a.
  • miR-375 underexpression reduced proliferation and clonogenicity; miR-106b-25 cluster knockdown caused G1 arrest.
  • miR-451 was significantly overexpressed in non-relapsed versus relapsed patients.

Conclusions:

  • Identified a panel of aberrantly expressed miRNAs in HNSCC.
  • miR-375 downregulation and miR-106b-25 cluster upregulation may promote HNSCC.
  • Further miRNA research can unravel molecular drivers of HNSCC progression.