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Related Concept Videos

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...

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The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
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Published on: April 10, 2015

Electronic communication in dinuclear C(4)-bridged tungsten complexes.

Sergey N Semenov1, Olivier Blacque, Thomas Fox

  • 1Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Zürich, Switzerland.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|February 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary

New dinuclear tungsten carbyne complexes were synthesized and characterized. These complexes exhibit tunable electronic properties and redox states, with potential applications in materials science.

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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
10:44

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

Published on: April 19, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Dinuclear tungsten carbyne complexes are of interest due to their unique electronic structures.
  • Tungsten-carbon multiple bonds offer pathways for novel reactivity and electronic communication.
  • Ligand substitution and redox manipulation are key strategies for tuning the properties of such complexes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel dinuclear tungsten carbyne complexes.
  • To investigate the impact of ligand substitution (halide, isothiocyanate, triflate, dppe) on the structural and electronic properties.
  • To explore the redox behavior and electronic coupling in these dinuclear systems.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of dinuclear tungsten carbyne complexes from bisacetylide precursors.
  • Characterization using single crystal X-ray diffraction.
  • Electrochemical studies (cyclic voltammetry).
  • Spectroscopic investigations (EPR, IR, near-IR).
  • Magnetization measurements.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of dinuclear tungsten carbyne complexes with varying halide and phosphine ligands.
  • X-ray diffraction confirmed the structures of several novel complexes.
  • Complexes 10 and 11 displayed reversible redox states, forming stable mono- and dicationic species.
  • Electronic coupling and antiferromagnetic interactions were observed in the oxidized forms, indicating significant W-C bonding and electronic communication.

Conclusions:

  • Dinuclear tungsten carbyne complexes can be effectively synthesized and modified.
  • Ligand substitution and oxidation provide routes to tune electronic properties and redox states.
  • The bridged system exhibits strong W-C interactions, facilitating electronic coupling and magnetic phenomena in oxidized species.