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Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials

Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
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Clinical Trials: Overview

Clinical Trials: Overview

Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Movement Retraining using Real-time Feedback of Performance

Movement Retraining using Real-time Feedback of Performance

Published on: January 17, 2013

Can orthopedic trials change practice?

Bernadette G Dijkman¹, Bauke W Kooistra, Julia Pemberton

¹Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Acta Orthopaedica

|February 12, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Orthopedic surgeons are willing to change hip fracture treatment preferences if large trials provide compelling evidence. A significant majority would alter their approach if a study showed improved function with total hip arthroplasty (THA) versus hemiarthroplasty (HA).

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Clinical Trials
Surgical Practice

Background:

The influence of large randomized trials on orthopedic surgeons' preferred surgical techniques is not well understood.
This study investigates surgeon willingness to modify practice based on hip fracture trial outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess orthopedic surgeons' likelihood of changing practice based on findings from a large, multicenter randomized controlled trial on hip fracture management.
To determine current surgeon preferences for treating displaced femoral neck fractures.

Main Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was distributed to International Hip Fracture Research Collaborative (IHFRC) and AO/ASIF surgeons.
Participants were asked about their current treatment preferences and their willingness to change based on hypothetical trial results showing improved function and quality of life with total hip arthroplasty (THA) versus hemiarthroplasty (HA).

Main Results:

A 90% response rate was achieved, with 210 IHFRC and 586 AO/ASIF surgeons responding.
Most surgeons (61%) preferred hemiarthroplasty (HA) for displaced femoral neck fractures.
A substantial majority (72%) considered improved function and quality of life with THA, without increased revision risk, to be an important finding, and 62% of those preferring HA indicated they would change their practice.

Conclusions:

Large orthopedic clinical trials are valuable and can influence surgeon practice patterns.
Surgeons are receptive to adopting new surgical approaches when presented with strong, compelling evidence.